Development of an antiabrasion and optical shield clearcoat for wooden art and decorative works improves its esthetic durability and lifetime. In this study, the synergistic potentials of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) were exploited to improve the abrasive, structural, and surface properties of polyurethane (PU)/silica nanocomposite coatings applied on the thermally modified spruce wood. Microhardness, adhesion strength, contact angle, and UV–Vis spectroscopy were used to evaluate the nanocomposite coatings’ surface properties. FE-SEM and EDS techniques were also employed to scrutinize distribution of NPs in the structure of nanocomposite coatings. The results showed that the abrasion resistance significantly improves by increasing the content of silica NPs. However, microhardness and performance of nanocomposite coatings containing a high percentage of silica diminished due to the aggregation of NPs and poor crosslinking of the polymer matrix. The presence of cerium dioxide NPs as a synergistic function in the PU coatings containing nano-silica enhanced the abrasion resistance as well as the glass transition temperature and caused enhanced hardness. Incorporation of cerium dioxide NPs exhibited an incremental effect on the adhesion strength of nanocomposite coatings. However, its presence in high concentration caused an adverse impact on the transparency of the nanocomposite films. In addition, wettability of PU/silica composites remained constant after incorporating high levels of cerium oxide NPs. These findings suggest that use of Ce–Si NPs hybrid/blend in the structure of PU coatings can assure the durability of wood coatings for esthetic applications and interior decoration by strengthening the surface, mechanical, and optical properties.

开发用于木制艺术和装饰作品的抗磨和光学屏蔽清漆可改善其美学耐久性和使用寿命。在这项研究中，利用二氧化铈纳米颗粒（NPs）的协同潜力来改善应用于热改性云杉木材的聚氨酯（PU）/二氧化硅纳米复合涂料的磨料，结构和表面性能。显微硬度，粘合强度，接触角和UV-Vis光谱用于评估纳米复合涂层的表面性能。还使用FE-SEM和EDS技术检查了纳米复合涂层结构中NP的分布。结果表明，通过增加二氧化硅NPs的含量，耐磨性显着提高。然而，由于NPs的聚集和聚合物基质的不良交联，含有高百分比二氧化硅的纳米复合涂层的超硬性和性能降低。在包含纳米二氧化硅的PU涂层中，二氧化铈NP作为协同功能的存在增强了耐磨性以及玻璃化转变温度，并提高了硬度。二氧化铈NP的掺入对纳米复合涂层的粘附强度表现出递增的影响。然而，其高浓度存在对纳米复合膜的透明性产生不利影响。另外，在掺入高含量的氧化铈NP之后，PU /二氧化硅复合材料的润湿性保持恒定。