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Ecological consequences of shoreline armoring on littoral fish and benthic macroinvertebrate communities in an Eastern Ontario lake
Aquatic Sciences ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-30 , DOI: 10.1007/s00027-020-00740-0
Auston D. Chhor , Daniel M. Glassman , John P. Smol , Jesse C. Vermaire , Steven J. Cooke

Shoreline erosion in lakes is a pressing issue for many landowners, yet common erosion mitigation practices that involve armoring can alter littoral habitat and potentially diminish near-shore biodiversity. We studied the effects of two armoring methods (i.e., riprap, retaining walls) on habitat, taxonomic richness, relative abundance, and total abundance of fishes and benthic macroinvertebrates at shorelines on Big Rideau Lake in eastern Ontario, Canada. Snorkel surveys were conducted to assess aquatic habitat characteristics and fish diversity, and benthic infauna were sampled using kick-nets. Submergent and emergent macrophytes were more abundant at natural rocky shorelines compared to shorelines modified with riprap or retaining walls. Coarse woody debris was also more abundant at natural shorelines compared to riprap and retaining wall shorelines. Relative abundances of some fish species varied between shoreline types, but overall species richness and total abundance did not. Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) were more abundant at natural sites than armored sites. Conversely, Rock Bass (Ambloplites rupestris), Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens), and baitfish from the family Cyprinidae were more abundant at both types of armored sites compared to natural sites. Taxonomic richness of benthic macroinvertebrates did not vary among shoreline types, however abundance of Amphipoda, Isopoda, Ephemeroptera, and Cladocera was greater at armored shorelines. These results suggest that human modification of shorelines is altering littoral ecosystems and potentially leading to shifts in the community structure of littoral nekton. More study is needed to fully understand the community level effects of shoreline erosion mitigation involving armoring in freshwater lakes and determine the effectiveness of alternative mitigation strategies that preserve natural habitat features.

中文翻译:

海岸线装甲对安大略东部湖泊沿岸鱼类和底栖大型无脊椎动物群落的生态影响

湖泊的海岸线侵蚀对许多土地所有者来说是一个紧迫的问题,但涉及装甲的常见侵蚀缓解做法可能会改变沿海栖息地并可能减少近岸生物多样性。我们研究了两种防护方法(即抛石、挡土墙)对加拿大安大略省东部大里多湖海岸线上鱼类和底栖大型无脊椎动物的栖息地、分类丰富度、相对丰度和总丰度的影响。进行了浮潜调查以评估水生栖息地特征和鱼类多样性,并使用踢网对底栖动物进行采样。与用抛石或挡土墙改造的海岸线相比,天然岩石海岸线的沉水和挺水大型植物更为丰富。与抛石和挡土墙海岸线相比,天然海岸线上的粗木屑也更丰富。某些鱼类物种的相对丰度因海岸线类型而异,但总体物种丰富度和总丰度没有变化。大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)在自然地点比装甲地点更丰富。相反,与自然地点相比,岩鲈(Ambloplites rupestris)、南瓜籽(Lepomis gibbosus)、蓝鳃鱼(Lepomis macrochirus)、黄鲈(Perca flavescens)和鲤科鱼类的饵料鱼在两种类型的装甲地点都更丰富。底栖大型无脊椎动物的分类丰富度在海岸线类型之间没有变化,但在装甲海岸线,片足类、等足类、蜉蝣目和枝角类的丰富度更高。这些结果表明,人类对海岸线的改变正在改变沿海生态系统,并可能导致沿海鱼类群落结构发生变化。需要更多的研究来充分了解涉及淡水湖装甲的海岸线侵蚀缓解的社区层面影响,并确定保护自然栖息地特征的替代缓解策略的有效性。
更新日期:2020-07-30
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