Understanding the cell–substrate interactions has great significance in tissue regeneration therapies. However, the cell–substrate interactions are not well understood because the interface of cell–substrate is typically buried beneath the cells. This research investigated the subsurfaces of fibroblasts cultured on hybrid nanoarrays using atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM). We fabricated hybrid silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and silicon nanoholes (SiNHs) on Si substrates to serve as biomimetic nanoarrays by employing laser interference lithography and the metal-assisted chemical etching (MacEtch) method. After the L929 cells were cultured on the nanoarrays, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and AFAM were employed to investigate the surface and subsurface of L929 cells. It was suggested that fibroblasts could sense the morphology of the hybrid nanoarrays and membrane damage of fibroblasts on the hybrid nanoarrays were related to the nanostructures. This study can help guide the design of biointerfaces and provide a useful tool for the study of cell subsurfaces in diverse biological fields.

了解细胞-底物的相互作用在组织再生治疗中具有重要意义。然而，由于细胞-基质的界面通常埋在细胞之下，因此人们对细胞-基质的相互作用还没有很好的理解。这项研究调查了使用原子力声学显微镜（AFAM）在杂交纳米阵列上培养的成纤维细胞的表面。我们通过使用激光干涉光刻和金属辅助化学蚀刻（MacEtch）方法在Si基板上制造了混合硅纳米线（SiNWs）和硅纳米孔（SiNHs），以用作仿生纳米阵列。在纳米阵列上培养L929细胞后，采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和AFAM研究L929细胞的表面和亚表面。提示成纤维细胞可以感知杂交纳米阵列的形态，并且成纤维细胞对杂交纳米阵列的膜损伤与纳米结构有关。这项研究可以帮助指导生物界面的设计，并为研究不同生物学领域的细胞表面提供有用的工具。