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Effect of Organic Residues and Their Derived Biochars on the Zinc and Copper Chemical Fractions and Some Chemical Properties of a Calcareous Soil
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-19 , DOI: 10.1080/00103624.2020.1798986
Hamid Reza Boostani 1 , Ailsa G. Hardie 2 , Mahdi Najafi-Ghiri 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Addition of more resistant organic materials, such as biochars, to soils not only enhances soil C sequestration but also can also benefit soil fertility. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two organic materials (sheep manure and vermicompost) and their biochars produced at two pyrolysis temperatures (300 and 500°C) applied at 5% (w/w) on the chemical fractions of Zn and Cu and some chemical characteristics of an unpolluted, light textured calcareous soil. Addition of the raw organic materials and their-derived biochars significantly enhanced plant available K, P, and Zn but significantly decreased plant available Cu in the soil. Sheep manure biochar produced at 300°C was most effective at increasing plant available P (13-fold) and K (1.9 fold) likely due to formation of more soluble forms of P and K compared to raw material or biochar produced at higher temperature (500°C). Whereas, raw vermicompost and sheep manure were most effective at enhancing plant available Zn, by increasing water soluble and exchangeable Zn fraction likely due to organic complexation. All amendments, especially biochars produced at 300°C reduced water soluble and exchangeable Cu mainly attributed to increased soil P availability. The results of this study showed that in the short-term, addition of the low-temperature biochars was best for enhancing soil P and K availability, but concomitantly reduced Cu availability the most, whereas, addition of the raw organic materials was better for enhancing Zn availability compared to the biochars.

中文翻译:

有机残留物及其衍生生物炭对钙质土壤锌、铜化学成分及部分化学性质的影响

摘要 向土壤中添加更具抗性的有机材料,例如生物炭,不仅可以增强土壤碳的固存,还可以有益于土壤肥力。本研究的目的是调查两种有机材料(羊粪和蚯蚓粪)及其在两种热解温度(300 和 500°C)下以 5% (w/w) 施用的生物炭对锌的化学成分的影响和 Cu 以及未受污染的轻质钙质土壤的一些化学特征。添加有机原料及其衍生的生物炭显着提高了土壤中植物有效钾、磷和锌,但显着降低了植物有效铜。在 300°C 下生产的羊粪生物炭在增加植物可用 P(13 倍)和 K(1. 9 倍)可能是由于与在较高温度(500°C)下生产的原材料或生物炭相比,形成了更易溶解的 P 和 K 形式。然而,生蚯蚓粪和羊粪在提高植物可用锌方面最有效,这可能是由于有机络合而增加了水溶性和可交换锌的比例。所有改良剂,尤其是在 300°C 下生产的生物炭都降低了水溶性和可交换性铜,这主要归因于土壤磷可用性的增加。本研究结果表明,在短期内,低温生物炭的添加对提高土壤磷、钾的有效性最好,但同时降低的铜有效性最大,而添加有机原料对提高土壤的有效性最好。与生物炭相比,锌的可用性。生蚯蚓粪和羊粪在提高植物有效锌方面最有效,这可能是由于有机络合而增加了水溶性和可交换锌的比例。所有改良剂,尤其是在 300°C 下生产的生物炭都降低了水溶性和可交换性铜,这主要归因于土壤磷可用性的增加。本研究结果表明,在短期内,低温生物炭的添加对提高土壤磷、钾的有效性最好,但同时降低的铜有效性最大,而添加有机原料对提高土壤的有效性最好。与生物炭相比,锌的可用性。生蚯蚓粪和羊粪在提高植物有效锌方面最有效,这可能是由于有机络合而增加了水溶性和可交换锌的比例。所有改良剂,尤其是在 300°C 下生产的生物炭都降低了水溶性和可交换性铜,这主要归因于土壤磷可用性的增加。本研究结果表明,在短期内,低温生物炭的添加对提高土壤磷、钾的有效性最好,但同时降低的铜有效性最大,而添加有机原料对提高土壤的有效性最好。与生物炭相比,锌的可用性。特别是在 300°C 下生产的生物炭降低了水溶性和可交换性铜,这主要归因于土壤磷的可用性增加。本研究结果表明,在短期内,低温生物炭的添加对提高土壤磷、钾的有效性最好,但同时降低的铜有效性最大,而添加有机原料对提高土壤的有效性最好。与生物炭相比,锌的可用性。特别是在 300°C 下生产的生物炭减少了水溶性和可交换性铜,这主要归因于土壤磷的可用性增加。本研究结果表明,在短期内,低温生物炭的添加对提高土壤磷、钾的有效性最好,但同时降低的铜有效性最大,而添加有机原料对提高土壤的有效性最好。与生物炭相比,锌的可用性。
更新日期:2020-07-19
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