The last decades have recorded an increase of plant-based drug discovery processes. Indeed, natural products possess a superior chemical diversity as compared to synthetic ones, leading to a renewal in searching for new therapeutic agents from the plant kingdom. In particular, since the structural variety of natural compounds reflects the biodiversity of their source organisms, regions of the world with high biodiversity and endemism deserve particular interest. In this context, Sardinia Island (Italy), with 290 endemic taxa (12% of the total flora), is expected to provide unique and structurally diverse phytochemicals for drug development. Several research groups built up a large program dedicated to the analysis of Sardinian endemic species, highlighting their peculiar features, both in respect of phytochemical and biological profiles. On this basis, the aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview on ethnobotanical uses, biological properties and phytoconstituents of Sardinian endemic plants in order to support their beneficial potential and to provide input for future investigations. We documented 152 articles published from 1965 to June 2020 in which a broad range of biological activities and the identification of previously undescribed compounds have been reported, supporting their great value as sources of therapeutic agents.

中文翻译：

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如此罕见、如此奇异，但尚未得到充分探索：撒丁岛特有植物的民族植物学用途、生物特性和植物成分的最新概述。

过去几十年来，基于植物的药物发现过程有所增加。事实上，与合成产品相比，天然产品具有优越的化学多样性，导致从植物界寻找新治疗剂的更新。特别是，由于天然化合物的结构多样性反映了其来源生物的生物多样性，因此世界上具有高度生物多样性和特有性的地区值得特别关注。在此背景下，撒丁岛（意大利）拥有 290 个特有类群（占总植物群的 12%），预计将为药物开发提供独特且结构多样的植物化学物质。几个研究小组建立了一个大型项目，致力于分析撒丁岛特有物种，突出它们在植物化学和生物学方面的独特特征。在此基础上，本次综述的目的是对撒丁岛特有植物的民族植物学用途、生物特性和植物成分提供最新和全面的概述，以支持其有益潜力并为未来的研究提供投入。我们记录了 1965 年至 2020 年 6 月发表的 152 篇文章，其中报道了广泛的生物活性和先前未描述的化合物的鉴定，支持了它们作为治疗剂来源的巨大价值。