Exclusion fencing is a common tool used to mitigate a variety of unwanted economic losses caused by problematic wildlife. While the potential for agricultural, ecological and economic benefits of pest animal exclusion are often apparent, what is less clear are the costs and benefits to sympatric non‐target wildlife. This review examines the use of exclusion fencing in a variety of situations around the world to elucidate the potential outcomes of such fencing for wildlife and apply this knowledge to the recent uptake of exclusion fencing on livestock properties in the Australian rangelands. In Australia, exclusion fences are used to eliminate dingo (Canis familiaris dingo) predation on livestock, prevent crop‐raiding by emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae), and enable greater control over total grazing pressure through the reduction of macropods (Macropodidae) and feral goats (Capra hircus). A total of 208 journal articles were examined for location, a broad grouping of fence type, and the reported effects the fence was having on the study species. We found 51% of the literature solely discusses intended fencing effects, 42% discusses unintended effects, and only 7% considers both. Africa has the highest proportion of unintended effects literature (52.0%) and Australia has the largest proportion of literature on intended effects (34.2%). We highlight the potential for exclusion fencing to have positive effects on some species and negative effects on others (such as predator exclusion fencing posing a barrier to migration of other species), which remain largely unaddressed in current exclusion fencing systems. From this review we were able to identify where and how mitigation strategies have been successfully used in the past. Harnessing the potential benefits of exclusion fencing while avoiding the otherwise likely costs to both target and non‐target species will require more careful consideration than this issue has previously been afforded.

中文翻译：

---

排斥围栏对目标和非目标动物群的影响：全球回顾

排他性围栏是一种常用工具，用于减轻由有问题的野生动物造成的各种不必要的经济损失。虽然有害动物排除在农业、生态和经济效益方面的潜力通常是显而易见的，但不太清楚的是同域非目标野生动物的成本和收益。本综述研究了在世界各地各种情况下使用隔离栅栏的情况，以阐明这种栅栏对野生动物的潜在影响，并将这些知识应用于最近在澳大利亚牧场对牲畜财产的隔离栅栏。在澳大利亚，隔离栅栏用于消除野狗 (Canis familiaris dingo) 对牲畜的捕食，防止鸸鹋 (Dromaius novaehollandiae) 掠夺作物，并通过减少大型足类动物（Macropodidae）和野山羊（Capra hircus）来更好地控制总放牧压力。总共检查了 208 篇期刊文章的位置、栅栏类型的广泛分组以及栅栏对研究物种的报告影响。我们发现 51% 的文献只讨论了预期的围栏效应，42% 的文献讨论了非预期的效应，只有 7% 的人同时考虑了两者。非洲的非预期效应文献比例最高（52.0%），澳大利亚的预期效应文献比例最高（34.2%）。我们强调了排斥围栏对某些物种产生积极影响并对其他物种产生负面影响的潜力（例如捕食者排斥围栏对其他物种的迁移构成障碍），在当前的排除围栏系统中，这些问题基本上没有得到解决。从这次审查中，我们能够确定过去在何处以及如何成功使用缓解策略。利用排除栅栏的潜在好处，同时避免目标和非目标物种的其他可能成本，需要比以前更仔细地考虑这个问题。