Hollow nanosphere structure has a favorable catalytic performance in catalysis. Not only the large specific surface area, excellent mass transfer ability but also the special cavity structure. This particular structure was applied in the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO₂ and methanol. A series of CeO₂ hollow spheres of varying sizes and shell numbers were fabricated via a facile hard template method. Large specific surface area and exposed active crystal planes gave it the favorable activity. It is also found that a region with high reactant concentration and high density of active sites can be formed inside the hollow spheres. A hollow sphere model was established to help explore the relationship between cavity structure and activity performance. By using dimensional model and function fitting methods, it is demonstrated that the catalytic activity is positively correlated with the number of active sites in per unit volume of the cavity.

中文翻译：

---

CeO2空心纳米球，用于由CO2和甲醇催化合成碳酸二甲酯：空洞效应对催化性能的影响

中空的纳米球结构在催化中具有良好的催化性能。不仅比表面积大，传质能力强，而且腔体结构特殊。这种特殊的结构被用于由CO ₂和甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯（DMC）。一系列的CeO ₂通过简便的硬模板方法制造了大小和壳数不同的空心球。大的比表面积和暴露的活性晶面使其具有良好的活性。还发现在空心球内部可以形成具有高反应物浓度和高活性位点密度的区域。建立了空心球模型，以帮助探索空腔结构与活动性能之间的关系。通过使用尺寸模型和函数拟合方法，证明了催化活性与腔体每单位体积中活性位点的数量呈正相关。