Abstract Traditionally, marine carbon monoxide (CO) models assume that the microbial oxidation of CO is only dependent on the concentration of CO in the water column. However, CO oxidation rates in the ocean have been reported to vary up to two orders of magnitude both spatially and temporally. Here, we developed a new model assuming that CO microbial oxidation is dependent on bacterial carbon biomass other than CO concentration. In addition to microbial oxidation, the model also describes CO photochemical production, vertical mixing, and air-sea gas exchange. The new CO model has been embedded in the European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model (ERSEM) and coupled with the General Ocean Turbulence Model (GOTM). The CO-GOTM-ERSEM model was implemented at the Bermuda Atlantic Time Series (BATS) station to simulate CO concentrations observed in March 1993 by Kettle (1994). The proposed second-order function describing CO microbial oxidation introduces a new parameter, the bacteria biomass specific oxidation rate, which was estimated to be 5.7 ± 0.2 (μg C m−3)−1 h−1. Statistical metrics indicates that the new CO model performs better than a previously published model with a first-order decay function to describe microbial oxidation, acknowledging the dependence of microbial oxidation on bacterial abundance is realistic. A long-term (1992 - 1994) simulation carried out with CO-GOTM-ERSEM reproduced the spatial and seasonal variability of CO reported in the literature. Our model provides a realistic description of the CO dynamics and is potentially usable in different environmental contexts worldwide.

中文翻译：

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具有微生物氧化新参数化的海洋一氧化碳 (CO) 模型

摘要 传统上，海洋一氧化碳 (CO) 模型假设 CO 的微生物氧化仅取决于水体中 CO 的浓度。然而，据报道，海洋中的 CO 氧化速率在空间和时间上变化高达两个数量级。在这里，我们开发了一个新模型，假设 CO 微生物氧化依赖于除 CO 浓度以外的细菌碳生物量。除了微生物氧化外，该模型还描述了 CO 光化学产生、垂直混合和海气交换。新的 CO 模型已嵌入欧洲区域海洋生态系统模型 (ERSEM)，并与一般海洋湍流模型 (GOTM) 相结合。CO-GOTM-ERSEM 模型在百慕大大西洋时间序列 (BATS) 站实施，以模拟 Kettle (1994) 于 1993 年 3 月观测到的 CO 浓度。拟议的描述 CO 微生物氧化的二阶函数引入了一个新参数，细菌生物量特定氧化率，估计为 5.7 ± 0.2 (μg C m-3)-1 h-1。统计指标表明，新的 CO 模型比先前发布的模型表现更好，该模型具有一阶衰减函数来描述微生物氧化，承认微生物氧化对细菌丰度的依赖性是现实的。使用 CO-GOTM-ERSEM 进行的长期 (1992 - 1994) 模拟再现了文献中报告的 CO 的空间和季节性变化。