Abstract The available theoretical models for evaluating seismic active earth pressures are limited to plane strain analyses and linear failure criterion. To fill this research gap, with a combination of the kinematical approach of limit analysis, the spatial discretization technique as well as the pseudo-static approach, this work develops a discretized three-dimensional failure mechanism of sloping backfills that is composed of an end cap and a central plane-strain insert to estimate the seismic active earth pressure coefficient under nonlinear failure criterion. Compared with the existing three-dimensional kinematically admissible failure mechanisms, the developed one has three significant merits: (1) the normality condition is strictly satisfied in the generation of the end cap; (2) the work rates can be computed by a summation of elementary work rates conveniently instead of tedious integral schemes; (3) the considerations of the nonlinear failure criterion and the sloping backfill. Comparisons with the existing upper bound solutions and experimental results in terms of active earth forces or active earth pressure coefficients are conducted to verify the proposed model. Parametric studies are performed to study the influences of model parameters, including the seismic coefficient, the sloping angle of backfills as well as the nonlinear parameters, on the active earth pressure coefficients.

中文翻译：

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基于离散化的非线性破坏准则下三维地震活动土压力的运动学分析

摘要 评价地震活动土压力的现有理论模型仅限于平面应变分析和线性破坏准则。为填补这一研究空白，本文结合极限分析的运动学方法、空间离散化技术以及拟静态方法，开发了一种由端盖组成的倾斜回填土的离散化三维破坏机制。和一个中心平面应变插件，用于估计非线性破坏准则下的地震活动土压力系数。与现有的三维运动学容许失效机制相比，所开发的失效机制具有三个显着优点：（1）端盖生成时严格满足正态条件；(2)工作率可以方便地通过基本工作率的总和来计算，而不是繁琐的积分方案；(3)非线性破坏准则和倾斜回填的考虑。与现有的上界解和实验结果在主动土力或主动土压力系数方面进行了比较，以验证所提出的模型。进行参数研究以研究模型参数，包括地震系数、回填坡度以及非线性参数对主动土压力系数的影响。与现有的上界解和实验结果在主动土力或主动土压力系数方面进行了比较，以验证所提出的模型。进行参数研究以研究模型参数，包括地震系数、回填坡度以及非线性参数对主动土压力系数的影响。与现有的上界解和实验结果在主动土力或主动土压力系数方面进行了比较，以验证所提出的模型。进行参数研究以研究模型参数，包括地震系数、回填坡度以及非线性参数对主动土压力系数的影响。