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Non-Positive Corrections and Variance Models for Iterative Post-Log Reconstruction of Extremely Low-Dose CT Data
Journal of the Korean Physical Society ( IF 0.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.3938/jkps.77.177
Soo Mee Kim , Tzu-Cheng Lee , Paul E. Kinahan

In extremely low-dose protocols to reduce radiation dose to patients, computed tomography (CT) images suffer from increased bias and low signal-to-noise ratio in measurements. In this study, we consider three different non-positive corrections, flip, truncation and mean-preserving filter (MPF), affecting the measurement mean, propose a new variance expression for weights in weighted least-squares (WLS) reconstruction, and evaluate the impact on changes in the mean and variance of measurements. We simulated 1000 polychromatic CT sinograms of a chest phantom, including realistic levels of quantum and electronic noises. For the simulated scenario of 80 kVp and 0.5 mAs, compared to the conventional threshold and flip methods, the mean-preserving filter reduced the bias in post-log sinogram values by up to five times. Simple weights in WLS reconstruction that neglected the effect of non-positive correction limited improvements in the image quality. The advanced variance estimates considering electronic noise and the effect of pre-processing on the variance change made both WLS and penalized WLS reconstructions improve. Although the image quality improvement from a WLS reconstruction based on a Gaussian post-log distribution is inherently limited, the proposed method for estimating the post-log variance including electronic noise and the effect of pre-corrections from a single measurement leads to some improvements in variance estimates for post-log CT data and showed the feasibility of post-log iterative reconstruction for extremely low-dose CT imaging.

中文翻译:

极低剂量 CT 数据迭代后测井重建的非正校正和方差模型

在降低患者辐射剂量的极低剂量方案中,计算机断层扫描 (CT) 图像在测量中存在偏差增加和信噪比低的问题。在这项研究中,我们考虑了三种不同的非正校正,翻转、截断和均值保留滤波器 (MPF),它们会影响测量均值,提出加权最小二乘法 (WLS) 重建中权重的新方差表达式,并评估对测量平均值和方差变化的影响。我们模拟了 1000 个胸部幻影的多色 CT 正弦图,包括真实水平的量子和电子噪声。对于 80 kVp 和 0.5 mAs 的模拟场景,与传统的阈值和翻转方法相比,均值保持滤波器将后对数正弦图值的偏差减少了多达五倍。WLS 重建中的简单权重忽略了非正校正的影响,限制了图像质量的改进。考虑到电子噪声和预处理对方差变化的影响的高级方差估计使 WLS 和惩罚 WLS 重建都得到改进。虽然基于高斯后对数分布的 WLS 重建的图像质量改善本质上是有限的,但所提出的用于估计包括电子噪声和预校正效果在内的后对数方差的方法导致了一些改进对日志后 CT 数据的方差估计,并显示了极低剂量 CT 成像后日志迭代重建的可行性。考虑到电子噪声和预处理对方差变化的影响的高级方差估计使 WLS 和惩罚 WLS 重建都得到改进。虽然基于高斯后对数分布的 WLS 重建的图像质量改善本质上是有限的,但所提出的用于估计包括电子噪声和预校正效果在内的后对数方差的方法导致了一些改进对日志后 CT 数据的方差估计,并显示了极低剂量 CT 成像后日志迭代重建的可行性。考虑到电子噪声和预处理对方差变化的影响的高级方差估计使 WLS 和惩罚 WLS 重建都得到改进。虽然基于高斯后对数分布的 WLS 重建的图像质量改善本质上是有限的,但所提出的用于估计包括电子噪声和预校正效果在内的后对数方差的方法导致了一些改进对日志后 CT 数据的方差估计,并显示了对极低剂量 CT 成像进行日志后迭代重建的可行性。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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