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Fate of Biodegradable Polymers Under Industrial Conditions for Anaerobic Digestion and Aerobic Composting of Food Waste
Journal of Polymers and the Environment ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-19 , DOI: 10.1007/s10924-020-01791-y
F. Bandini , A. Frache , A. Ferrarini , E. Taskin , P. S. Cocconcelli , Edoardo Puglisi

Biodegradable polymers were introduced in the past decades in order to address the issue of plastic pollutions, and these materials have thus required the development of methodologies to understand and evaluate their disintegration. The aim of this study was to simulate the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) treatment in laboratory-scale and to assess the biodegradation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) water bottles and starch-based bags under real industrial conditions of anaerobic digestion and aerobic composting. Methane production and loss of mass were determined to estimate the anaerobic degradation; whereas phytotoxicity tests were carried out to provide an evaluation of the compost quality. To visualize the effects on the materials, SEM analyses, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FT-IR/ATR spectroscopy were performed. Different outcomes were found for the tested bioplastics products. PLA bottles didn’t biodegrade under anaerobic conditions and the pieces appeared wrap up at the end, while starch-based bioplastic bags performed 85.79% of disintegration degree. CH4 production was between 40 and 50% for both the products. Phytotoxicity test on the final composts highlighted negative effects on both selected seeds for PLA solutions. Water-soluble lactic acid from degraded PLA bottle significantly reduced the pH of compost affecting seed germination and germination indexes. Both bioplastics showed chemical modification according to DSC and FT-IR/ATR analyses.



中文翻译:

工业条件下用于食物垃圾厌氧消化和好氧堆肥的生物可降解聚合物的命运

为了解决塑料污染的问题,在过去的几十年中引入了可生物降解的聚合物,因此,这些材料需要开发方法来理解和评估其崩解。这项研究的目的是在实验室规模模拟城市固体废物(OFMSW)处理的有机部分,并评估在实际厌氧工业条件下聚乳酸(PLA)水瓶和淀粉基袋的生物降解能力消化和有氧堆肥。确定甲烷的产生和质量损失,以估计厌氧降解;进行了植物毒性测试以评估堆肥的质量。为了可视化对材料的影响,进行了SEM分析,差示扫描量热法(DSC)和FT-IR / ATR光谱。对于测试的生物塑料产品,发现了不同的结果。PLA瓶在厌氧条件下不会发生生物降解,碎片最终会包裹起来,而淀粉基生物塑料袋的崩解度为85.79%。CH两种产品的4种产量在40%至50%之间。对最终堆肥的植物毒性测试突显了对两种选择的PLA溶液种子的负面影响。降解的PLA瓶中的水溶性乳酸显着降低了堆肥的pH,影响了种子的发芽和发芽指数。根据DSC和FT-IR / ATR分析,两种生物塑料均显示出化学修饰。

更新日期:2020-07-29
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