Abstract

Soils of Bykovo lacustrine-like floodplain section have a complicated landuse history: alternation of meadows, suburban farming, cropland with partial land leveling and local drainage, now – 10 years-old layland. The effects of these events along with manifestations of fluvial pedogenesis were studied in thin sections. Well-known micromorphological features of alluvial soils have been confirmed, specific properties related to the position of soils in lacustrine-alluvial landscape have been revealed. Fluvial fabric elements are rather mitigated, since flooding of this section was weak and irregular; topsoils are similar in natural and post-arable soils and have no traces of agrogenic degradation. The layland regime contributes to soil regradation: higher pedality and pedofauna activity were recorded. Artificial drainage is recognized in thin sections by changes in iron (hydr)oxide pedofeatures vs. the natural gley soils, namely, iron segregations and nodules in the former soils (Fluvic Mollic Gleysols), and iron coatings, zones of complete bleaching alternating with strong impregnations in the latter. Soil on the terrace outlier was identified as a truncated texturally differentiated soil, which upper part was removed during leveling, then a new layer was placed on BT (argic) horizon: (Terric Anthrosol (Loamic, Gleyic, over buried Retisol)). Filled layers may contain blocky subangular peds of BT horizon, partially assimilated in the soil mass. These peds serve as micromorphological markers for reconstructing soil history owing to their easily recognizable particular properties: blocky subangular microstructure, speckled b-fabric, clay (hypo)coatings.

中文翻译：

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莫斯科河洪泛区Bykovo湖相-冲积断层土壤的自然和人为演化的微观形态解释

摘要

Bykovo湖状洪泛区剖面的土壤具有复杂的土地利用历史：草地交替，郊区耕作，部分土地平整的农田和局部排水，现在已有10年历史。在薄切片中研究了这些事件的影响以及河流成虫的表现。已经证实了冲积土壤的众所周知的微观形态特征，揭示了与湖泊-冲积景观中土壤位置有关的特定特性。由于该部分的洪水泛滥且不规则，因此可以减轻河流的织物元素。天然土壤和耕后土壤中的表层土壤相似，并且没有农作物降解的痕迹。保留地制度有助于土壤更新：记录到更高的踩踏和pedofauna活动。相对于天然格利土壤，氧化铁（H）氧化物的物性变化，即在较薄的区域中识别出人工排水，即以前土壤中的铁偏析和结节（Fluvic Mollic Gleysols），铁涂层，完全漂白的区域和强烈的交替区域。在后者中浸渍。阶地离群值上的土壤被识别为截短的纹理分化土壤，在找平过程中将其上部去除，然后在BT（酸性）层位上放一层新层：（Terric Anthrosol（Loamic，Gleyic，在掩埋的Retisol上方））。填充的层可能包含块状的BT层亚角小块，它们在土壤团块中被部分吸收。由于其易于识别的特殊特性，这些小脚垫可作为微形态标志物，用于重建土壤历史：块状的亚角微观结构，斑点的b型织物，