Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile repetitive DNA sequences shown to be major drivers of genome evolution. As the first plant to have its genome sequenced and analyzed at the genomic scale, Arabidopsis thaliana has largely contributed to our TE knowledge. The present report describes 20 years of accumulated TE knowledge gained through the study of the Arabidopsis genome and covers the known TE families, their relative abundance, and their genomic distribution. It presents our knowledge of the different TE family activities, mobility, population and long-term evolutionary dynamics. Finally, the role of TE as substrates for new genes and their impact on gene expression is illustrated through a few selected demonstrative cases. Promising future directions for TE studies in this species conclude the review.

中文翻译：

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拟南芥基因组中转座子分析的二十年历史。

转座因子（TEs）是可移动的重复DNA序列，被证明是基因组进化的主要驱动力。作为第一个在基因组规模上对其基因组进行测序和分析的植物，拟南芥为我们的TE知识做出了巨大贡献。本报告描述了通过研究拟南芥基因组获得的20年积累的TE知识，并涵盖了已知的TE家族，它们的相对丰度和它们的基因组分布。它介绍了我们对不同TE家庭活动，流动性，人口和长期进化动力学的了解。最后，通过一些示例性案例说明了TE作为新基因的底物的作用及其对基因表达的影响。该物种的TE研究的有前途的未来方向结束了本综述。