A process of chemical activation with phosphoric acid from coconut shell in air to produce activated carbon was developed. The effects of various preparation parameters on the porous texture and surface characteristics were investigated by means of the nitrogen physisorption, Fourier transform‐infrared spectra (FT‐IR), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adsorption capacities of activated carbon for chromium, lithium, and cesium were also investigated. The surface modification of activated carbon using nitric acid was performed to enhance the adsorption capacities, and the relationship between the adsorption capacities and the surface functional groups was investigated. The oxygen‐containing functional groups on the surface of an activated carbon played a more important role than its textural structure in adsorption of metal ions, especially cesium ion.

中文翻译：

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椰子壳中空气中磷酸活化碳的制备及表面特征

开发了一种利用空气中椰子壳中的磷酸进行化学活化以产生活性炭的方法。通过氮气物理吸附，傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）研究了各种制备参数对多孔织构和表面特性的影响。还研究了活性炭对铬，锂和铯的吸附能力。使用硝酸对活性炭进行了表面改性，以提高吸附能力，并研究了吸附能力与表面官能团之间的关系。活性炭表面上的含氧官能团在吸附金属离子方面比其结构结构更重要，