Electricity generation from wastewater using a microalgae-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) has captured a lot of attention from researchers these days. Microalgae-microbial fuel cell (m-MFC) is a device that can overcome the problem of fossil-fuel depletion and environmental pollution by generating electrical energy from wastewater and sunlight. Sustainable applications of the microalgae-based microbial fuel cells are not only reliable for wastewater treatment and bio-electricity generation but also versatile in the field of bio-hydrogen energy production, eco-friendly solution of desalination, and carbon sequestration. In this review article, we have summarized the mechanism and operational configuration of the microbial fuel cell using an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, and a separation membrane. The technological advancement of photosynthetic microalgae in the microbial fuel cell for energy production and wastewater treatment has been explored. The use of microalgae species such as the anode and cathode is also conferred with the resulting power densities. The challenges and possible solutions of the microalgae-microbial fuel cells in integrated energy production systems with wastewater treatment have been discussed for potential industrialization.

如今，使用基于微藻的微生物燃料电池（MFC）从废水中发电的方法引起了研究人员的广泛关注。微藻微生物燃料电池（m-MFC）是一种可以通过从废水和阳光中产生电能来克服化石燃料消耗和环境污染问题的设备。基于微藻的微生物燃料电池的可持续应用不仅在废水处理和生物发电方面可靠，而且在生物氢能生产，脱盐的生态友好解决方案和碳固存领域具有多种用途。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了使用阳极室，阴极室和分离膜的微生物燃料电池的机理和操作配置。探索了用于燃料生产和废水处理的微生物燃料电池中光合微藻的技术进步。还可以使用微藻类物质（例如阳极和阴极）来获得功率密度。为了潜在的工业化，已经讨论了带有废水处理的集成能源生产系统中的微藻-微生物燃料电池的挑战和可能的解决方案。