Purpose

To compare assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes among transgender men with those of fertile cisgender women.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included 12 transgender men, six with no testosterone exposure and six after testosterone treatment, and 12 cisgender women (oocyte donors) who underwent ART in our institution between June 2017 and December 2019. Statistical analyses compared ART data and outcomes between three groups: cisgender women, transgender men without testosterone exposure, and transgender men after testosterone exposure. Comparisons were also made between transgender men with and without testosterone exposure.

Results

The transgender men with no testosterone exposure (23.3 ± 4 years) were significantly younger than the transgender men who had undergone testosterone treatment (30.3 ± 3.8 years; P = 0.012) and the cisgender women (29.1 ± 3.1 years; P = 0.004). The amount of FSH used for ovulation induction (1999 ± 683 mIU/mL) was significantly lower among transgender men without prior testosterone exposure compared with that among cisgender women (3150 ± 487 mIU/mL; P = 0.007). There were no differences in the peak estradiol levels, the number of oocytes retrieved, the number of MII oocytes, and the oocyte maturity rates between the three groups. Five out of six testosterone-treated transgender men underwent embryo cryopreservation, and they all achieved good-quality embryos.

Conclusions

Transgender men have an excellent response to ovulation stimulation even after long-term exposure to testosterone. Oocyte/embryo cryopreservation is, therefore, a feasible and effective way for them to preserve their fertility for future biological parenting.

中文翻译：

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与可育顺性别女性相比，跨性别男性的卵巢刺激结果。

目的

比较跨性别男性与可育顺性别女性的辅助生殖技术 (ART) 结果。

方法

这项回顾性队列研究包括 2017 年 6 月至 2019 年 12 月期间在我们机构接受 ART 的 12 名跨性别男性、6 名未接触睾酮和 6 名接受睾酮治疗的顺性别女性（卵母细胞捐献者）。 统计分析比较了三人之间的 ART 数据和结果组：顺性别女性、未接触睾酮的跨性别男性和接触睾酮后的跨性别男性。还对接触和不接触睾酮的跨性别男性进行了比较。

结果

未接触睾酮的跨性别男性（23.3 ± 4 岁）明显比接受睾酮治疗的跨性别男性（30.3 ± 3.8 岁；P  = 0.012）和顺性别女性（29.1 ± 3.1 岁；P  = 0.004）年轻。与顺性别女性（3150 ± 487 mIU/mL；P = 0.007）。三组之间在雌二醇峰值水平、取卵数量、MII 卵母细胞数量和卵母细胞成熟率方面没有差异。六分之五接受睾酮治疗的跨性别男性接受了胚胎冷冻保存，他们都获得了优质胚胎。

结论

即使在长期接触睾酮后，跨性别男性对排卵刺激也有很好的反应。因此，卵母细胞/胚胎冷冻保存是一种可行且有效的方法，可以为他们保留生育能力，以备将来的生物育儿之用。