Cotton yarns have been pretreated with the additives, such as chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized chitosan & aqueous extract from the fruit of Diospyros mollis Griff, as well as with the commercial formaldehyde-free cationic fixing agent (Sera^® Fast C-NC) & alum (post-mordanting), and their dyeing fastness properties are studied. These treated cotton yarns are then dyed with the annatto dye extract from Bixa orellana L. (Achiote) seeds and tested for different properties including K/S value, light fastness, and wash fastness. Pre-treatment of cotton yarn with chitosan or microcrystalline chitosan solution (together with glyoxal cross-linking) or quaternized chitosan, or Sera^® Fast C-NC before dyeing, shows a better color depth (K/S) and improved wash fastness properties in comparison to yarn with alum post-mordanting and the untreated cotton yarn. Improved light fastness is also obtained on inclusion of the anti-oxidant ascorbic acid in the post-treatment protocol. These additive treatments thus offer considerable potential for the improved annatto dyeing of cotton.

中文翻译：

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花生种子染料提取物对棉染的累加作用

棉纱进行预处理与添加剂，如壳聚糖，微晶壳聚糖，季铵化的脱乙酰壳多糖和水提取物从果实柿油树格里夫，以及与所述的商业无甲醛的阳离子固色剂（血清^®快速C-NC）＆明矾（染后），及其染色牢度性能进行了研究。然后将这些处理过的棉纱用来自Bixa orellana L.（Achiote）种子的胭脂红染料提取物染色，并测试其不同性能，包括K / S值，耐光性和耐洗性。前处理的棉纱与脱乙酰壳多糖或脱乙酰壳多糖微晶溶液（与乙二醛交联在一起的）或季铵化的壳聚糖，或血清^®与带有明矾染色的纱线和未经处理的棉纱相比，染色前的快速C-NC具有更好的色深（K / S）和更高的耐洗牢度性能。在后处理方案中加入抗氧化剂抗坏血酸也可以提高耐光性。因此，这些添加剂处理为改进棉花的安纳托染色提供了巨大的潜力。