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Garlic ameliorates long-term pre-diabetes induced retinal abnormalities in high fructose fed rat model
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology ( IF 0.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01
Sivakesava Rao Kommula, Uday Kumar Chekkilla, Raghu Ganugula, Madhoosudan Anant Patil, Sai Santhosh Vadakattu, Srinivas Myadara, Uday Kumar Putcha, Ravindar Naik Ramavat, Laxmi Rajkumar Ponday, Raghava Rao Tamana, Suryanarayana Palla

Retinopathy is one of the micro vascular complications of diabetes and can also be observed in pre-diabetic state. However, there are only limited studies available on the pathophysiology of retinopathy in pre-diabetic state and its preventive strategies. In this study, we investigated the retinal functional, structural and molecular alterations using high fructose (HF) induced pre-diabetic rat model and also the protective role of garlic. Feeding of HF to Wistar NIN (WNIN) rats had developed insulin resistance (IR) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) by three months, while retinal functional abnormalities by ten months as evidenced by decrease of Electroretinogram (ERG) scotopic, photopic b-wave amplitudes, oscillatory potentials (OPs) when compared to controls. Supplementation of garlic (3%) to HF+G group rats had marginally protected these changes. Elevated expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), aldose reductase (AR) and decreased rhodopsin (Rho) in HF group rats as evidenced by immunehistochemistry, immunoblot methods, which were further supported by gene expression studies, indicate the initiation of retinal abnormalities. Increased immune-fluorescence signal of carboxymethyl lysine (CML-KLH) and 4-hydroxynanoenol (4-HNE) in retina of HF group rats indicate the association of glycation and oxidative stress, respectively. Early intervention of garlic to HF+G group rats attenuated retinal functional, structural, and molecular abnormalities.

中文翻译:

大蒜改善了高果糖喂养大鼠模型中长期糖尿病前期引起的视网膜异常

视网膜病变是糖尿病的微血管并发症之一,也可以在糖尿病前期观察到。但是,关于糖尿病前期视网膜病变的病理生理及其预防策略的研究很少。在这项研究中,我们调查了使用高果糖(HF)诱导的糖尿病前期大鼠模型的视网膜功能,结构和分子变化,以及大蒜的保护作用。向Wistar NIN(WNIN)大鼠喂食HF会在三个月内出现胰岛素抵抗(IR)和葡萄糖耐量(IGT)受损,而视网膜功能异常则在十个月后出现,这是由视网膜电图(ERG)暗视,明视b波减少所证明的与控件相比时的振幅,振荡电位(OPs)。HF + G组大鼠补充大蒜(3%)可以稍微保护这些变化。免疫组化,免疫印迹方法证实,HF组大鼠神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP),血管内皮生长因子(VEGF),醛糖还原酶(AR)和视紫红质(Rho)的表达升高,并得到了基因表达研究的支持,表示视网膜异常的发生。HF组大鼠视网膜中羧甲基赖氨酸(CML-KLH)和4-羟基纳米烯醇(4-HNE)的免疫荧光信号增加,分别表明糖基化和氧化应激的相关性。大蒜对HF + G组大鼠的早期干预减弱了视网膜的功能,结构和分子异常。免疫组化,免疫印迹方法证实了HF组大鼠的血管内皮生长因子(VEGF),醛糖还原酶(AR)和视紫红质(Rho)降低,这些结果得到了基因表达研究的进一步支持,表明视网膜异常的发生。HF组大鼠视网膜中羧甲基赖氨酸(CML-KLH)和4-羟基纳米烯醇(4-HNE)的免疫荧光信号增加,分别表明糖基化和氧化应激的相关性。大蒜对HF + G组大鼠的早期干预减弱了视网膜的功能,结构和分子异常。免疫组化,免疫印迹方法证实了HF组大鼠的血管内皮生长因子(VEGF),醛糖还原酶(AR)和视紫红质(Rho)降低,这些结果得到了基因表达研究的进一步支持,表明视网膜异常的发生。HF组大鼠视网膜中羧甲基赖氨酸(CML-KLH)和4-羟基纳米烯醇(4-HNE)的免疫荧光信号增加,分别表明糖基化和氧化应激的相关性。大蒜对HF + G组大鼠的早期干预减弱了视网膜的功能,结构和分子异常。HF组大鼠视网膜中羧甲基赖氨酸(CML-KLH)和4-羟基纳米烯醇(4-HNE)的免疫荧光信号增加,分别表明糖基化和氧化应激的相关性。大蒜对HF + G组大鼠的早期干预减弱了视网膜的功能,结构和分子异常。HF组大鼠视网膜中羧甲基赖氨酸(CML-KLH)和4-羟基纳米烯醇(4-HNE)的免疫荧光信号增加,分别表明糖基化和氧化应激的相关性。大蒜对HF + G组大鼠的早期干预减弱了视网膜的功能,结构和分子异常。
更新日期:2020-07-28
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