Bacillus safensis (W10) from wheat rhizosphere which could grow in medium with high concentration of sodium chloride selected for this study showed positive response in in vitro plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) tests such as phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, indole acetic acid (IAA) production and 1 aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylase (ACC) deaminase activity. The growth of six cultivars of wheat under normal as well as salt-stressed conditions was promoted by this bacterium also enhanced the tolerance of wheat cultivars to salinity. Activities of antioxidant enzymes were enhanced due to salinity, but not by bacterial application, while those of defense enzymes were significantly enhanced due to application of W10 alone or with NaCl treatment. Microarray and bioinformatic analysis for comparing gene expression in seedlings under salinity stress against those under salinity stress along with bacterial application revealed an up-regulation of 3731 genes and down-regulation of 6312 genes. Some of the up-regulated genes included those for expansins, endotransglucoslylase/hydrolase, sulphur-rich thionin, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase precursor and metallothionines while down regulated ones included those for flavanone hydroxylase, oxalate oxidase, protein phosphatase etc. Probably, salinity stress in wheat is alleviated mainly not through enhanced antioxidant systems but up-regulation of several other genes involved in tolerance to salinity as well as defense against biotic stress.

中文翻译：

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小麦根际上的芽孢杆菌安全性促进小麦的生长并减轻盐分胁迫

小麦根际的安全芽孢杆菌（W10）可以在本研究选择的高浓度氯化钠培养基中生长，在体外显示出阳性反应植物生长促进根际细菌（PGPR）测试，例如磷酸盐增溶，铁载体生成，吲哚乙酸（IAA）生成和1个氨基环丙烷-1-羧化酶（ACC）脱氨酶活性。该细菌促进了六个小麦品种在正常和盐胁迫条件下的生长，也增强了小麦品种对盐分的耐受性。抗氧化酶的活性由于盐度而增强，但不因细菌的应用而增强，而防御酶的活性由于单独使用W10或经NaCl处理而显着增强。通过微阵列和生物信息学分析，比较盐分胁迫和盐分胁迫下幼苗在细菌中的基因表达，以及细菌的应用表明，上调了3731个基因，下调了6312个基因。