With the inclusion of the effects from wheels rotation, vehicle wading phenomenon was simulated using computational fluid dynamics tools and compared with road wading test. The new method utilizing the volume of fluid model to simulate the two-phase (water and air) flow when vehicle wades, Reynolds-Averaging Navier–Stokes simulation with both Realizable and shear stress transport turbulent models were conducted and the results indicated that the essential features of vehicle wading phenomenon were captured accurately. A relatively better correlation is achieved between computational fluid dynamics analysis and road test when shear stress transport turbulent model was utilized compared to using Realizable turbulent model. With the addition of the wheel rotation effects in vehicle wading simulation, the potential risks of water intrusion into the critical chassis and electronic components can be early detected and the frequent late design changes can be avoided. The new approach adopted in this study with VOF model and RANS simulation with SST turbulent model has shown that the benefits of shorter vehicle development cycles and parts warranty cost reduction. Thus, the results from computational fluid dynamics simulation with wheel rotation effects included can serve as the design guidance for any future vehicle wading developments.

中文翻译：

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车辆涉水性能分析与研究

考虑到车轮旋转的影响，使用计算流体动力学工具模拟了车辆涉水现象，并与道路涉水试验进行了比较。利用流体体积模型模拟车辆涉水时的两相（水和空气）流动的新方法，进行了 Reynolds-Averaging Navier-Stokes 模拟与 Realizable 和剪切应力输运湍流模型，结果表明准确捕捉车辆涉水现象特征。与使用 Realizable 湍流模型相比，当使用剪切应力传输湍流模型时，计算流体动力学分析和道路试验之间实现了相对更好的相关性。通过在车辆涉水模拟中添加车轮旋转效果，可以及早发现关键底盘和电子元件进水的潜在风险，避免频繁的后期设计更改。本研究采用 VOF 模型和 SST 湍流模型 RANS 模拟的新方法表明，缩短车辆开发周期和降低零件保修成本的好处。因此，包含车轮旋转效应的计算流体动力学模拟结果可以作为任何未来车辆涉水开发的设计指南。