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Effect of dicamba rate and application parameters on protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor-resistant and -susceptible Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control
Weed Technology ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-09 , DOI: 10.1017/wet.2020.59
Wyatt Coffman , Tom Barber , Jason K. Norsworthy , Greg R. Kruger

Throughout eastern Arkansas, Palmer amaranth resistant to protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides (Group 14 herbicides) has become widespread. Most PPO-resistant Palmer amaranth biotypes possess a target-site mutation, but a metabolic resistance mechanism to fomesafen (Group 14) has also been identified. Once metabolic resistance manifests, plants may also be tolerant to other herbicides and sites of action. To evaluate whether varying spray parameters affected control of PPO-resistant Palmer amaranth in dicamba-tolerant crops, field trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 at the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, AR, and on-farm in Marion, AR. The experiment included split plot factors of dicamba rate, nozzle type, and carrier volume, with a whole plot factor of population. Dicamba was applied at 560 or 1120 g ae ha−1 through 110015 TTI or AirMix nozzles at 70 or 140 L ha−1 to PPO-resistant or PPO-susceptible Palmer amaranth. Palmer amaranth control 14 d after treatment (DAT) was influenced by an interaction between population and carrier volume. PPO-resistant Palmer amaranth control 14 DAT was 81% regardless of carrier volume, compared with 90% and 95% control at 70 and 140 L ha−1, respectively, of the PPO-susceptible population. An interaction between nozzle type and carrier volume influenced Palmer amaranth control 21 DAT, whereas AirMix nozzles at 140 L ha−1 controlled Palmer amaranth at a greater level (94%) than any other nozzle and carrier volume combination (≤90%). An interaction between population and dicamba rate influenced the relative density of Palmer amaranth 21 DAT. PPO-resistant Palmer amaranth density was less affected by dicamba at either rate than PPO-susceptible Palmer amaranth, relative to the nontreated check. Results concur with those of other research that suggest PPO-resistant Palmer amaranth is harder to control with dicamba. Otherwise, increasing carrier volume affected overall Palmer amaranth control to a greater degree than any other factor.

中文翻译:

麦草畏用量和施用参数对原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂耐药和易感的棕榈苋(Amaranthus palmeri)防治的影响

在整个阿肯色州东部,对抑制原卟啉原氧化酶 (PPO) 的除草剂(第 14 组除草剂)具有抗性的帕尔默苋菜已经很普遍。大多数 PPO 抗性 Palmer 苋菜生物型具有靶位点突变,但也已确定对氟磺胺草醚(第 14 组)的代谢抗性机制。一旦出现代谢抗性,植物也可能​​对其他除草剂和作用部位产生耐受性。为了评估不同的喷洒参数是否影响对麦草畏耐受性作物中 PPO 抗性苋菜的控制,2017 年和 2018 年在阿肯色州玛丽安娜附近的朗曼棉花研究站和阿肯色州马里恩的农场进行了田间试验。实验包括麦草畏率、喷嘴类型和载体体积的裂区因子,以及人口的整区因子。麦草畏的施用量为 560 或 1120 g ae ha-1通过 70 或 140 L ha 的 110015 TTI 或 AirMix 喷嘴-1对 PPO 抗性或 PPO 敏感的帕尔默苋菜。治疗后 14 天的帕尔默苋菜控制 (DAT) 受到种群和载体体积之间相互作用的影响。PPO 抗性 Palmer 苋菜对照 14 DAT 为 81%,无论载体体积如何,而 70 和 140 L ha 的对照为 90% 和 95%-1,分别为 PPO 易感人群。喷嘴类型和载体体积之间的相互作用影响了 Palmer amaranth control 21 DAT,而 AirMix 喷嘴在 140 L ha-1与任何其他喷嘴和载体体积组合 (≤90%) 相比,控制的 Palmer 苋菜含量 (94%) 更高。种群和麦草畏率之间的相互作用影响了 Palmer amaranth 21 DAT 的相对密度。相对于未经处理的检查,PPO 抗性帕尔默苋菜的密度受麦草畏的影响要小于 PPO 敏感的帕尔默苋菜。结果与其他研究结果一致,即抗 PPO 的帕尔默苋菜更难用麦草畏控制。否则,与其他任何因素相比,增加载体体积对整体 Palmer 苋菜控制的影响更大。
更新日期:2020-06-09
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