Implantable neural interfaces and systems have attracted much attention due to their broad applications in treating diverse neuropsychiatric disorders. However, obtaining a long-term reliable implant-neural interface is extremely important but remains an urgent challenge due to the resulting acute inflammatory responses. Here, bioinspired microcone-array-based (MA) interfaces have been successfully designed, and their cytocompatibility with neurons and the inflammatory response have been explored. Compared with smooth control samples, MA structures cultured with neuronal cells result in much denser extending neurites, which behave similar to creepers, wrapping tightly around the microcones to form complex and interconnected neuronal networks. After further implantation in mouse brains for 6 weeks, the MA probes (MAPs) significantly reduced glial encapsulation and neuron loss around the implants, suggesting better neuron viability at the implant-neural interfaces than that of smooth probes. This bioinspired strategy for both enhanced glial resistance and neuron network formation via a specific structural design could be a platform technology that not only opens up avenues for next-generation artificial neural networks and brain-machine interfaces but also provides universal approaches to biomedical therapeutics.

可植入神经接口和系统因其在治疗各种神经精神疾病方面的广泛应用而备受关注。然而，获得长期可靠的植入神经接口非常重要，但由于由此产生的急性炎症反应，这仍然是一个紧迫的挑战。在这里，已经成功设计了仿生微锥阵列 (MA) 接口，并探索了它们与神经元的细胞相容性和炎症反应。与平滑的对照样品相比，用神经元细胞培养的 MA 结构导致更密集的延伸神经突，其行为类似于爬行者，紧紧包裹在微锥周围，形成复杂且相互连接的神经元网络。在进一步植入小鼠大脑 6 周后，MA 探针 (MAP) 显着减少了植入物周围的神经胶质包裹和神经元丢失，表明植入物 - 神经界面处的神经元活力比平滑探针更好。这种通过特定结构设计增强神经胶质抵抗和神经元网络形成的仿生策略可能是一种平台技术，不仅为下一代人工神经网络和脑机接口开辟了道路，而且还提供了生物医学治疗的通用方法。