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Ecology and morphology of mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) in a hotspot of microendemism in northeastern Madagascar, with the description of a new species.
American Journal of Primatology ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-27 , DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23180
Dominik Schüßler 1 , Marina B Blanco 2, 3 , Jordi Salmona 4 , Jelmer Poelstra 3 , Jean B Andriambeloson 5 , Alex Miller 6 , Blanchard Randrianambinina 7, 8 , David W Rasolofoson 7 , Jasmin Mantilla-Contreras 1 , Lounès Chikhi 4, 6 , Edward E Louis 9 , Anne D Yoder 3 , Ute Radespiel 10
Affiliation  

Delimitation of cryptic species is increasingly based on genetic analyses but the integration of distributional, morphological, behavioral, and ecological data offers unique complementary insights into species diversification. We surveyed communities of nocturnal mouse lemurs (Microcebus spp.) in five different sites of northeastern Madagascar, measuring a variety of morphological parameters and assessing reproductive states for 123 individuals belonging to five different lineages. We documented two different non‐sister lineages occurring in sympatry in two areas. In both cases, sympatric species pairs consisted of a locally restricted (M. macarthurii or M. sp. #3) and a more widespread lineage (M. mittermeieri or M. lehilahytsara). Estimated Extents of Occurrence (EOO) of these lineages differed remarkably with 560 and 1,500 km2 versus 9,250 and 50,700 km2, respectively. Morphometric analyses distinguished unambiguously between sympatric species and detected more subtle but significant differences among sister lineages. Tail length and body size were most informative in this regard. Reproductive schedules were highly variable among lineages, most likely impacted by phylogenetic relatedness and environmental variables. While sympatric species pairs differed in their reproductive timing (M. sp. #3/M. lehilahytsara and M. macarthurii/M. mittermeieri), warmer lowland rainforests were associated with a less seasonal reproductive schedule for M. mittermeieri and M. lehilahytsara compared with populations occurring in montane forests. Distributional, morphological, and ecological data gathered in this study support the results of genomic species delimitation analyses conducted in a companion study, which identified one lineage, M. sp. #3, as meriting formal description as a new species. Consequently, a formal species description is included. Worryingly, our data also show that geographically restricted populations of M. sp. #3 and its sister species (M. macarthurii) are at high risk of local and perhaps permanent extinction from both deforestation and habitat fragmentation.

中文翻译:

马达加斯加东北部微地方病热点地区的小鼠狐猴(Microcebus spp。)的生态和形态,并描述了一个新物种。

隐性物种的定界越来越多地基于遗传分析,但分布,形态,行为和生态数据的整合为物种多样化提供了独特的补充见解。我们调查了马达加斯加东北部五个不同地点的夜间小鼠狐猴的群落(Microcebus spp。),测量了各种形态学参数并评估了属于五个不同血统的123个人的生殖状态。我们记录了在两个区域的共生术中发生的两个不同的非姐妹血统。在这两种情况下,同胞物种对均由局部受限制的(M. macarthuriiM. sp。#3)和较广泛的世系(M. mittermeieriM.M. lehilahytsara)。这些谱系的发生(EOO)的估计区段560和1500公里显着差异2与9250和50700公里2分别。形态计量学分析清楚地区分了同胞种,并在姐妹谱系之间发现了更细微但重要的差异。在这方面,尾巴的长度和体型最有用。生殖计划在血统之间变化很大,很可能受到系统发育相关性和环境变量的影响。同胞种对的繁殖时间有所不同(M. sp。#3 / M. lehilahytsaraM. macarthurii / Mittermeieri)),与山地森林中的种群相比,更温暖的低地雨林与MittermeieriM. lehilahytsara的季节性繁殖计划较少。分布,聚集在这项研究中形态和生态数据支持基因组物种划界的分析的结果,在相关的研究中,它确定一个谱系,进行中号。sp。#3,因为值得正式描述为一个新物种。因此,其中包括正式的物种描述。令人担忧的是,我们的数据还显示,M的地理限制种群。sp。#3及其姊妹物种(M. macarthurii)因毁林和生境破碎化而处于局部灭绝或永久灭绝的高风险中。
更新日期:2020-08-26
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