Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries most commonly occur following a perturbation. Perturbations make the athlete unbalanced or at loss of control, which ultimately can lead to injury. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in ACL agonist and antagonist muscle forces, between sexes, during unexpected perturbations. Twenty recreational athletes were perturbed during walking at a speed of 1.1 m/s. Motion analysis data were used to create subject-specific musculoskeletal models and static optimization was performed to calculate muscle forces in OpenSim. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was used to compare muscle forces between males and females during the stance phase of the perturbed cycle. Females illustrated higher ACL antagonist muscle forces (p < 0.05) and lower ACL agonist muscle forces, compared to their male counterparts. The quadriceps (QUADs) muscle group peak was about 1.4 times higher in females (35.50 ± 8.71 N/kg) than males (22.81 ± 5.83 N/kg during 57%-62% of the stance phase (p < 0.05). Females presented a larger peak of gastrocnemius (GAS) at two instances: 12.42 ± 4.5 N/kg vs. 8.10 ± 2.83 N/kg between 70% and 75% at p < 0.05 and 2.26 ± 0.55 N/kg vs. 0.52 ± 0.09 N/kg between 95% and 100% at p < 0.05. Conversely, males illustrated higher initial hamstrings (HAMS) peak of 10.67 ± 4.15 N/kg vs. 5.38 ± 1.1 N/kg between 8% and 11%. Finally, males showed almost double the soleus (SOL) peak at 30.63 ± 8.64 N/kg vs. 17.52 ± 3.62 N/kg between 83% and 92% of the stance phase at p < 0.001. These findings suggest that females may exhibit riskier neuromuscular control in unanticipated situations, like sports.

前十字韧带（ACL）损伤最常见于摄动后。扰动会使运动员失去平衡或失去控制，最终可能导致受伤。这项研究的目的是确定出乎意料的摄动期间，性别之间的ACL激动剂和拮抗肌力的差异。二十名休闲运动员在以1.1 m / s的速度行走时受到干扰。运动分析数据用于创建特定于受试者的肌肉骨骼模型，并进行静态优化以计算OpenSim中的肌肉力量。统计参数映射（SPM）用于在摄动周期的站立阶段比较男性和女性之间的肌肉力量。女性显示出较高的ACL拮抗剂肌肉力量（p <0.05）和较低的ACL激动剂肌肉力量，相较于男性。在站立状态的57％-62％期间，女性（35.50±8.71 N / kg）的股四头肌（QUADs）肌肉群峰值约为男性（22.81±5.83 N / kg）的1.4倍（p <0.05）。两种情况下腓肠肌（GAS）的峰值更大：p <0.05和2.26±0.55 N / kg vs.0.52±0.09 N / kg时，12.42±4.5 N / kg vs. 8.10±2.83 N / kg在70％和75％之间p <0.05时，kg介于95％和100％之间。相反，雄性显示较高的初始腿筋（HAMS）峰值为8％至11％，高于5.38±1.1 N / kg，而8％至11％。比目鱼（SOL）峰在30.63±8.64 N / kg处翻倍，而在17.5％±922％的站姿相之间在p <0.001时翻了一番。这些发现表明，在意外情况下女性可能表现出较高的神经肌肉控制能力，喜欢运动。在站立阶段的57％-62％期间为83 N / kg（p <0.05）。女性在两种情况下出现腓肠肌（GAS）的峰值更大：p <0.05和2.26±0.55 N / kg相对于0.52±0.09的12.42±4.5 N / kg比8.10±2.83 N / kg在70％和75％之间在p <0.05时，N / kg在95％至100％之间。相反，男性在8％至11％之间显示较高的初始腿筋（HAMS）峰值为10.67±4.15 N / kg，而5.38±1.1 N / kg。最后，在p <0.001时，雄性比目鱼（SOL）峰在30.63±8.64 N / kg时显示出几乎翻倍，而在17％的姿态相中为17.52±3.62 N / kg。这些发现表明，女性在运动等意外情况下可能表现出较高的神经肌肉控制能力。在站立阶段的57％-62％期间为83 N / kg（p <0.05）。女性在两种情况下出现腓肠肌（GAS）的峰值更大：p <0.05和2.26±0.55 N / kg相对于0.52±0.09的12.42±4.5 N / kg比8.10±2.83 N / kg在70％和75％之间在p <0.05时，N / kg在95％至100％之间。相反，男性在8％至11％之间显示较高的初始10.绳肌（HAMS）峰值为10.67±4.15 N / kg，而5.38±1.1 N / kg。最后，在p <0.001时，雄性比目鱼（SOL）峰在30.63±8.64 N / kg时显示出几乎翻倍，而在17％的姿态相中为17.52±3.62 N / kg。这些发现表明，女性在运动等意外情况下可能表现出较高的神经肌肉控制能力。05和2.26±0.55 N / kg对比95％和100％之间的0.52±0.09 N / kg，p <0.05。相反，男性在8％至11％之间显示较高的初始10.绳肌（HAMS）峰值为10.67±4.15 N / kg，而5.38±1.1 N / kg。最后，在p <0.001时，雄性比目鱼（SOL）峰在30.63±8.64 N / kg时显示出几乎翻倍，而在17％的姿态相中为17.52±3.62 N / kg。这些发现表明，女性在运动等意外情况下可能表现出较高的神经肌肉控制能力。05和2.26±0.55 N / kg对比95％和100％之间的0.52±0.09 N / kg，p <0.05。相反，男性在8％至11％之间显示较高的初始10.绳肌（HAMS）峰值为10.67±4.15 N / kg，而5.38±1.1 N / kg。最后，在p <0.001时，雄性比目鱼（SOL）峰在30.63±8.64 N / kg时显示出几乎翻倍，而在17％的姿态相中为17.52±3.62 N / kg。这些发现表明，女性在运动等意外情况下可能表现出较高的神经肌肉控制能力。