Abstract Common thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is a Mediterranean evergreen shrub of the Lamiaceae that shows chemical polymorphism in its natural populations. In Mediterranean habitats six basic chemotypes have been described according to the main component in its essential oil: thymol, carvacrol, linalool, geraniol, α-terpineol, thuyanol-4, of which the thymol chemotype is widely used in cultivation and as a spice. In this study ten selected clones were analysed in terms of chemical composition of the volatile oil and genetic fingerprint. The study question was whether individual chemotypes can be distinguished by molecular markers. Chemical composition was analysed by GC-MS, and for assessing the genetic polymorphism ISSR marker system was chosen as it is reliable and easy to use even in case of less studied species. The studied T. vulgaris clones represented five different chemotypes and could be distinguished using 12 ISSR primers. Clones belonging to the thymol chemotype showed the most distinct separation. The study shows the potential of using molecular markers in breeding and selection of T. vulgaris, being able to differentiate different chemotypes.

中文翻译：

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用ISSR分子标记区分普通胸腺化学型

摘要 百里香 (Thymus vulgaris L.) 是唇形科的地中海常绿灌木，在其自然种群中表现出化学多态性。在地中海栖息地，根据其精油的主要成分描述了六种基本化学型：百里酚、香芹酚、芳樟醇、香叶​​醇、α-萜品醇、thuyanol-4，其中百里酚化学型广泛用于栽培和香料。在这项研究中，从挥发油的化学成分和遗传指纹方面分析了十个选定的克隆。研究问题是是否可以通过分子标记区分个体化学型。通过 GC-MS 分析化学成分，并选择 ISSR 标记系统来评估遗传多态性，因为它即使在研究较少的物种的情况下也是可靠且易于使用的。研究的T。vulgaris 克隆代表五种不同的化学型，可以使用 12 个 ISSR 引物进行区分。属于百里酚化学型的克隆表现出最明显的分离。该研究显示了使用分子标记育种和选择 T. vulgaris 的潜力，能够区分不同的化学型。