This study applied the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and Scott–Knott test to investigate the patterns associated with the variability of daily maximum ozone concentrations registered between 1996 and 2013 at 32 sites in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The dataset was analyzed using the ANOVA three way test, arranged in a factorial design (4 × 2 × 32), with four replicates per treatment, followed by the Scott–Knott test. In the ANOVA and Scott–Knott test, the first factor (a) represented the seasons, the second factor (b) distinguished measurements taken on weekdays and weekends, and the third factor (c) distinguished each of the 32 sites. The ANOVA technique and Scott–Knott test produced significant results, showing a three-way interaction between the factors mentioned. We also identified that maximum ozone concentrations occurred generally during the spring, followed by the summer; also, greater values of ground level ozone were registered on weekends in most sites, especially in those influenced mainly by vehicular emissions. Furthermore, results suggest that vehicular emissions play an important role on triggering the weekend effect on ozone levels.

中文翻译：

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巴西圣保罗州地面臭氧浓度的方差分析

本研究应用方差分析 (ANOVA) 技术和 Scott-Knott 检验来调查与 1996 年至 2013 年间在巴西圣保罗州 32 个地点记录的每日最大臭氧浓度变化相关的模式。使用 ANOVA 三向检验分析数据集，以因子设计 (4 × 2 × 32) 排列，每个处理有四个重复，然后是 Scott-Knott 检验。在方差分析和 Scott-Knott 检验中，第一个因素 (a) 代表季节，第二个因素 (b) 区分工作日和周末进行的测量，第三个因素 (c) 区分 32 个站点中的每一个。方差分析技术和 Scott-Knott 检验产生了显着的结果，表明上述因素之间存在三向相互作用。我们还发现，最大的臭氧浓度一般出现在春季，其次是夏季；此外，大多数地点在周末记录到的地面臭氧值更高，特别是在主要受车辆排放影响的地点。此外，结果表明，车辆排放在引发周末对臭氧水平的影响方面发挥着重要作用。