Key message

Cellular comparisons on three legume species indicate oil body size is factor in mediating oil content. Key transcription factors and oleosins determining seed oil content were identified in somatic embryos of Medicago.

Abstract

Legume seeds provide a significant oil alternative to meat fat needs. Increasing demand for oil nutrition in the context of sustainable crop production has stimulated the exploration of legume seed oil storage regulation. This study investigated the cellular characteristics of seed oil storage using three legume species i.e. Medicago truncatula, Glycine max and Pongamia pinnata representing different oil/protein ratios, and then examined in vitro approaches for assessing strategies in enhancing seed oil storage. A greater range of oil body sizes was in higher oil/protein content species, with highest species having the largest oil bodies; and the smallest oil body size being relatively similar across species, suggesting that the arrangement of oil body size may be factor in mediating oil content. The expression of four key transcription factors i.e. LEC1, L1L, FUS3 and ABI3, and four oleosin genes in determining seed oil content was compared in vivo and in vitro using somatic embryos in Medicago, along with cellular evidence of oil bodies in somatic embryos, indicating that somatic embryos may be suitable models for rapid assessment of seed oil enhancement. This study revealed the cellular characteristics for legume seed oil storage with different nutritional compositions, and identified the associated molecular basis for boosting seed oil storage via regulating oil body size. In addition, somatic embryogenesis may be an effective system for examining oil production by modifying the expression of candidate genes prior to in vivo testing.

中文翻译：

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三种对比豆科植物种子油的贮藏：对改善油脂的影响

关键信息

对三种豆类的细胞比较表明，油体大小是介导含油量的因素。确定了紫花苜蓿体细胞胚中决定种子油含量的关键转录因子和油质蛋白酶。

抽象

豆类种子提供了替代肉类脂肪需求的重要油脂。在可持续作物生产的背景下，对石油营养的需求不断增加，刺激了对豆类种子储油法规的探索。本研究用三种豆科植物run藜，大豆和石榴种子研究种子油贮藏的细胞特性。代表不同的油/蛋白质比，然后研究了用于评估增强种子油储存策略的体外方法。较高的油/蛋白质含量物种是更大的油体尺寸范围，最高的物种具有最大的油体。并且最小的油体大小在各个物种之间相对相似，这表明油体大小的排列可能是介导含油量的因素。使用Medicago中的体细胞胚，在体内和体外比较了四个关键转录因子LEC1，L1L，FUS3和ABI3的表达以及四个油质蛋白基因在确定种子油含量中的表达，以及体细胞胚中油体的细胞证据，表明体细胞胚可能是快速评估种子油增强的合适模型。这项研究揭示了具有不同营养成分的豆类种子油储藏的细胞特性，并确定了通过调节油体大小来促进种子油储藏的相关分子基础。另外，体细胞胚发生可能是通过在体内测试之前修饰候选基因表达来检查产油量的有效系统。