Abstract The Eastern Romanian Carpathians harbor a rich Upper Paleolithic archaeological record, mostly concentrated on the Bistrița river terraces. Despite extensive field research spanning decades, the regional archaeological record has long suffered from poor chronometric support and contradictory taxonomy. The recently excavated spot at Bistricioara-Lutărie III, located in the Ceahlău Basin, brought a wealth of fresh chronostratigraphic and archaeological information, here summarized for the first time. The site preserves a thick (up to 9 m) sedimentary archive of mixed colluvial and aeolian origin, capping the fluvial gravel of a Bistrița terrace and likely extending back to Marine Isotope Stage 5. Six well preserved archaeological layers located in the upper part of the sequence were assigned to the Gravettian and Epigravettian technocomplexes. Earlier archaeological traces are indicated by presence of charcoals and burnt sediment, but have not yet been fully assessed. BL III hosts a well preserved Late Gravettian layer with shouldered points dated to around 27 ka cal BP. The Epigravettian occupations starting at 24 ka cal BP provided rich lithic assemblages as well. The robustly dated sequence at BL III brings a major contribution to the understanding of the regional Upper Paleolithic cultural landscape across the Late Glacial Maximum. At the same time, exotic raw materials (Cretaceous flint, obsidian, radiolarites and cherts) pointing at extensive provisioning areas connect the Eastern Carpathian record to the wider East-Central European paleo-cultural dynamics.

中文翻译：

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从东喀尔巴阡山脉的 Gravettian 到 Epigravettian：来自 Bistricioara-Lutărie III 考古遗址的见解

摘要 东罗马尼亚喀尔巴阡山脉拥有丰富的旧石器时代晚期考古记录，主要集中在 Bistrița 河阶地。尽管进行了数十年的广泛实地研究，但区域考古记录长期以来一直缺乏计时支持和相互矛盾的分类法。最近在位于 Caehlău 盆地的 Bistricioara-Lutărie III 出土的地点带来了大量新鲜的年代地层学和考古学信息，这里是第一次总结。该遗址保留了厚厚（高达 9 m）的混合崩积和风成起源的沉积档案，覆盖了 Bistrița 阶地的河流砾石，并可能延伸回海洋同位素第 5 阶段。位于序列上部的六个保存完好的考古层被指定为 Gravettian 和 Epigravettian 技术综合体。早期的考古痕迹表明存在木炭和烧焦的沉积物，但尚未得到充分评估。BL III 拥有保存完好的晚 Gravettian 层，肩点可追溯到大约 27 ka cal BP。从 24 ka cal BP 开始的 Epigravettian 职业也提供了丰富的岩屑组合。BL III 的可靠年代序列为了解晚冰期盛期地区旧石器时代晚期文化景观做出了重大贡献。同时，外来原材料（白垩纪燧石、黑曜石、