We evaluate the ability of locally present participants to localize an avatar head’s gaze direction rapidly in hosted telepresence. We performed a controlled user study to test two potential solutions to indicate a remote user’s gaze. We analyze the influence of the user’s distance to the avatar and display technique on localization accuracy. Furthermore, we examine the effect of the avatar head’s rotation around the pitch and yaw axes on the localization accuracy. Our experimental results suggest that all these factors have a significant effect on the localization accuracy with different extent. The results also verified that people had a better perceptive and localizing ability when interacting with a 3D AR-displayed avatar. In addition, participants preferred to interact with a 3D avatar displayed using a simulated AR technique instead of with a 2D avatar displayed in a tablet because of its high realism. Our findings motivate the need for 3D avatar display in the further design of telepresence systems.

中文翻译：

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快速思考：远程操作员凝视在 360° 托管远程呈现中的快速定位

我们评估了本地参与者在托管远程呈现中快速定位化身头部注视方向的能力。我们进行了一项受控用户研究，以测试两种可能的解决方案来指示远程用户的注视。我们分析了用户与头像的距离和显示技术对定位精度的影响。此外，我们检查化身头部围绕俯仰和偏航轴旋转对定位精度的影响。我们的实验结果表明，所有这些因素对定位精度都有不同程度的显着影响。结果还验证了人们在与 3D AR 显示的化身交互时具有更好的感知和定位能力。此外，参与者更喜欢与使用模拟 AR 技术显示的 3D 化身进行交互，而不是与平板电脑中显示的 2D 化身进行交互，因为它具有很高的真实性。我们的发现激发了在远程呈现系统的进一步设计中对 3D 头像显示的需求。