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Estimate of the energy value of soybean meal relative to corn based on growth performance of nursery pigs.
Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology ( IF 7 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-03 , DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00474-x
Henrique S Cemin 1 , Hayden E Williams 1 , Mike D Tokach 1 , Steve S Dritz 2 , Jason C Woodworth 1 , Joel M DeRouchey 1 , Robert D Goodband 1 , Kyle F Coble 3 , Brittany A Carrender 3 , Mandy J Gerhart 3
Affiliation  

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of increasing amounts of soybean meal (SBM) in swine diets and estimate the energy value of SBM. A total of 2233 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050, Hendersonville, TN) and 3796 pigs (PIC 359 × C40), initially 11.0 kg and 17.6 kg body weight (BW), were used in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. In Exp. 1, pigs were placed in 92 pens each containing 20 to 27 pigs. In Exp. 2, pigs were placed in 84 pens each containing 37 to 43 pigs. Treatments were assigned in a randomized complete block design with BW as the blocking factor. Dietary treatments consisted of 21%, 27%, 33%, or 39% SBM in Exp. 1 and 17.5%, 22%, 26.5%, 31%, 35.5%, or 40% SBM in Exp. 2, obtained by changing the inclusion rate of feed-grade amino acids and corn grain. For Exp. 1, representative samples of corn grain, SBM, and distillers dried grains with solubles were analyzed for total AA content prior to diet formulation. For Exp. 2, diets were formulated using NRC (2012) nutrient loadings. Treatment diets were fed for 21 and 22 d (Exp. 1 and 2) and there were 23 replicates in Exp. 1 and 14 replicates in Exp. 2. Pigs were weighed and feed disappearance measured weekly to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), gain-to-feed ratio (G:F), and caloric efficiency (CE). Data were analyzed with block as a random effect and treatment as a fixed effect, and contrasts were constructed to test the linear and quadratic effects of increasing SBM. In Exp. 1, there was a tendency (linear, P = 0.092) for a decrease in ADFI as SBM increased. There was a tendency (P = 0.090) for a quadratic response for ADG, with a decrease in ADG observed with 39% SBM inclusion. Pigs fed diets with increasing SBM had a tendency (quadratic, P = 0.069) for an increase in G:F up to 33% SBM and an improvement (linear, P = 0.001; quadratic, P = 0.063) in CE with increasing SBM. Using CE to estimate the energy of SBM relative to corn, a value of 105.4% of corn energy or 2816 kcal/kg NE was determined using all data points. When removing the CE value of the 39% SBM treatment due to the quadratic tendency, SBM was estimated to have 121.1% of corn energy or 3236 kcal/kg NE. In Exp. 2, there was a decrease (linear, P = 0.001) in ADFI. Pigs fed increasing SBM had a tendency (linear, P = 0.065) for reduced ADG but an improvement (linear, P = 0.001) in G:F and CE as SBM increased. The energy value of SBM was estimated as 124.7% of corn energy or 3332 kcal/kg NE. The results suggest that feeding increasing levels of SBM improves G:F and CE. The energy value of SBM was estimated to be between 105% and 125% of corn, which is much greater than the NRC (2012) would indicate.

中文翻译:

基于保育猪生长性能估算豆粕相对于玉米的能量值。

进行了两个实验来确定在猪日粮中增加豆粕 (SBM) 量的影响,并估计 SBM 的能量值。实验中总共使用了 2233 头猪(PIC 337 × 1050,田纳西州亨德森维尔)和 3796 头猪(PIC 359 × C40),最初的体重(BW)分别为 11.0 kg 和 17.6 kg。分别为 1 和 2。在 Exp。1、猪被放置在92个猪圈中,每个猪圈包含20至27头猪。在 Exp。2、猪被放置在84个围栏中,每个围栏包含37至43头猪。以 BW 作为阻断因子的随机完整区组设计分配治疗。饮食治疗由 21%、27%、33% 或 39% 的 SBM 组成。1 和 17.5%、22%、26.5%、31%、35.5% 或 40% SBM 在 Exp。2、通过改变饲料级氨基酸和玉米粒的掺入率得到。对于 Exp。1、玉米粒、SBM的代表性样品,在日粮配方之前,分析了带有可溶物的干酒糟和酒糟的总 AA 含量。对于 Exp。2,日粮是使用 NRC (2012) 营养负荷配制的。饲喂处理日粮 21 天和 22 天(实验 1 和 2),实验中重复 23 次。实验中的 1 次和 14 次重复。2. 每周对猪称重并测量采食量,以计算平均日增重 (ADG)、平均日采食量 (ADFI)、增重比 (G:F) 和热量效率 (CE)。数据分析采用块作为随机效应,治疗作为固定效应,并构建对比以测试增加 SBM 的线性和二次效应。在 Exp。如图 1 所示,随着 SBM 的增加,ADFI 有下降的趋势(线性,P = 0.092)。ADG 有二次响应的趋势 (P = 0.090),随着 39% 的 SBM 包含观察到 ADG 下降。随着 SBM 的增加,饲喂日粮的猪具有 G:F 增加高达 33% SBM 的趋势(二次方,P = 0.069),并且随着 SBM 的增加,CE 有改善(线性,P = 0.001;二次方,P = 0.063)。使用 CE 来估计 SBM 相对于玉米的能量,使用所有数据点确定 105.4% 的玉米能量或 2816 kcal/kg NE 的值。当由于二次趋势而去除 39% SBM 处理的 CE 值时,SBM 估计具有 121.1% 的玉米能量或 3236 kcal/kg NE。在 Exp。如图 2 所示,ADFI 下降(线性,P = 0.001)。饲喂增加 SBM 的猪有降低 ADG 的趋势(线性,P = 0.065),但随着 SBM 增加,G:F 和 CE 有改善(线性,P = 0.001)。SBM 的能量值估计为玉米能量的 124.7% 或 3332 kcal/kg NE。结果表明,饲喂增加 SBM 水平可提高 G:F 和 CE。SBM 的能量值估计在玉米的 105% 到 125% 之间,这比 NRC(2012 年)所表明的要高得多。
更新日期:2020-07-24
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