SUMMARY Alfalfa meal is used in poultry diets because of its content of pigments, protein and secondary metabolites. On average, alfalfa meal contains 17–20% crude protein, 1650 kcal/kg metabolisable energy, 20–25% crude cellulose, 1.50% calcium, 0.25% total phosphorus, 0.70% lysine and 0.25% methionine, depending on the quality of the alfalfa meal. Alfalfa meal with a high content of beta carotene and xanthophyll is used to supplement poultry diets in order to obtain desired yolk and skin pigmentation. In addition to producing good pigmentation, it is low in cholesterol because of its high cellulose content and the presence of anti-nutritional factors. Although alfalfa meal is high in protein, its use is restricted because of its high cellulose content, which is poorly digested. The use of alfalfa meal in layer bird diets can reduce feed intake and egg production. On the other hand, it is effective in reducing the cholesterol content of eggs and increasing the colour score of the yolk. The current recommendation is to restict the use of alfalfa meal to 10% of the diet, although further research is needed on the use of additives in diets containing alfalfa meal.

中文翻译：

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在蛋鸡日粮中使用苜蓿粉——综述

总结 苜蓿粉因其色素、蛋白质和次生代谢物的含量而被用于家禽日粮。平均而言，苜蓿粉含有 17-20% 的粗蛋白、1650 kcal/kg 代谢能、20-25% 的粗纤维素、1.50% 的钙、0.25% 的总磷、0.70% 的赖氨酸和 0.25% 的蛋氨酸，具体取决于其质量苜蓿餐。含有高含量 β 胡萝卜素和叶黄素的苜蓿粉用于补充家禽日粮，以获得所需的蛋黄和皮肤色素沉着。除了产生良好的色素沉着外，由于其高纤维素含量和抗营养因子的存在，它的胆固醇含量很低。苜蓿粉虽然蛋白质含量高，但由于纤维素含量高，不易消化，因此其使用受到限制。在蛋鸡日粮中使用苜蓿粉会减少采食量和产蛋量。另一方面，它可以有效降低鸡蛋的胆固醇含量和增加蛋黄的颜色评分。目前的建议是将苜蓿粉的使用限制在饮食的 10%，尽管需要进一步研究在含苜蓿粉的饮食中使用添加剂。