SUMMARY Silybum marianum (SM) and its compounds are used as dietary supplements to improve the performance and health of chicks especially when fed broiler diets contaminated with aflatoxins. Use of SM derivatives from 0.2% to 0.8% in feed had no negative effects on the performance of broilers, but increasing SM level to 15% reduced average body weight (1620.02 g) compared to control groups (1815.04 g). Feed conversion ratio in broilers receiving SM was not significantly different and average feed intake was similar (2985.6 vs. 3145.15 g). Addition of 0.5% of SM powder in feed decreased total intestinal bacteria and coliforms. Inclusion of 4–15% of SM in feed improved sensory and qualitative characteristics of meat. SM and its derivatives (seeds, powders and extracts) improved health and quality of meat. Broiler trials showed that the highest carcass weight (1583.87 g) and breast weight (592.80) were seen in feeds containing 3% SM oil, although such findings were not consistent in other published work. Application of these compounds is recommended as a natural dietary supplement to improve performance and well-being in cases where diets may be contaminated with aflatoxin.

中文翻译：

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水飞蓟及其衍生物在健康和黄曲霉中毒条件下对肉鸡影响的综述：第 1 部分：性能、胴体和肉类特性以及肠道微生物群

小结 水飞蓟 (SM) 及其化合物可用作膳食补充剂，以改善雏鸡的生产性能和健康状况，尤其是在饲喂被黄曲霉毒素污染的肉鸡日粮时。在饲料中使用 0.2% 至 0.8% 的 SM 衍生物对肉鸡的生产性能没有负面影响，但与对照组 (1815.04 g) 相比，将 SM 水平提高至 15% 会降低平均体重 (1620.02 g)。接受 SM 的肉鸡的饲料转化率没有显着差异，平均采食量相似（2985.6 与 3145.15 克）。在饲料中添加 0.5% 的 SM 粉可降低肠道细菌总数和大肠菌群。在饲料中添加 4-15% 的 SM 可改善肉的感官和质量特性。SM 及其衍生物（种子、粉末和提取物）改善了肉类的健康和质量。肉鸡试验表明，在含有 3% SM 油的饲料中观察到最高的胴体重 (1583.87 g) 和胸重 (592.80)，尽管这些发现与其他已发表的研究结果不一致。建议将这些化合物用作天然膳食补充剂，以在膳食可能被黄曲霉毒素污染的情况下提高性能和健康。