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Gelation of ionic liquids by small-molecule gelators and their applications
Soft Materials ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-14 , DOI: 10.1080/1539445x.2019.1697706
Wangkhem Paikhomba Singh 1 , Utpal Koch 1 , Rajkumar Sunil Singh 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Ionic liquids (ILs) are atypical organic salts with many attractive features such as low melting point, low vapor pressure, high thermal stability, and non-flammability. These desirable traits have enabled them to be used in applications like catalysis, green organic reactions, electrochemical devices, extraction & separation, pharmaceutics, etc. Furthermore, the properties of the ionic liquids can be improved and the range of functional applications expanded if they are used in the form of ionic liquid-gel phase-materials or ionic liquid-gels (IL-gels). Typically, immobilization of ILs is carried out by mixing with different nanoparticles, polymers or small-molecules under appropriate conditions. Gel electrolytes, lubricants, solar cells, fuel cells, sensors, electrochemical devices, drug release, etc., are some of the applications where IL-gels have contributed significantly. Using small molecules to prepare IL-gels is easy, convenient, and similar to preparing organogels or hydrogels from organic solvents or water. The number of IL-gelators is pretty limited when compared to the large number of reported organogelators and hydrogelators. A detailed review focused on IL-gelators and their functional applications have so far not been undertaken. Here, we will provide an up-to-date summary and highlight the successes, challenges, and future opportunities of this emerging research area.



中文翻译:

小分子胶凝剂对离子液体的胶凝作用及其应用

摘要

Ionic liquids (ILs) are atypical organic salts with many attractive features such as low melting point, low vapor pressure, high thermal stability, and non-flammability. These desirable traits have enabled them to be used in applications like catalysis, green organic reactions, electrochemical devices, extraction & separation, pharmaceutics, etc. Furthermore, the properties of the ionic liquids can be improved and the range of functional applications expanded if they are used in the form of ionic liquid-gel phase-materials or ionic liquid-gels (IL-gels). Typically, immobilization of ILs is carried out by mixing with different nanoparticles, polymers or small-molecules under appropriate conditions. Gel electrolytes, lubricants, solar cells, fuel cells, sensors, electrochemical devices, drug release, etc., are some of the applications where IL-gels have contributed significantly. Using small molecules to prepare IL-gels is easy, convenient, and similar to preparing organogels or hydrogels from organic solvents or water. The number of IL-gelators is pretty limited when compared to the large number of reported organogelators and hydrogelators. A detailed review focused on IL-gelators and their functional applications have so far not been undertaken. Here, we will provide an up-to-date summary and highlight the successes, challenges, and future opportunities of this emerging research area.

更新日期:2019-12-14
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