Abstract

Phlebopus spongiosus is a well-known edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom indigenous to southern Vietnam. The mushroom specimens collected from northern Thailand in this study were identified as P. spongiosus. This identification was based on morphological characteristics and the multi-gene phylogenetic analyses. Pure cultures were isolated and the relevant suitable mycelial growth conditions were investigated. The results indicated that the fungal mycelia grew well on L-modified Melin-Norkans, and Murashige and Skoog agar all of which were adjusted to a pH of 5.0 at 30 °C. Sclerotia-like structures were observed on cultures. The ability of this mushroom to produce fruiting bodies in the absence of a host plant was determined by employing a bag cultivation method. Fungal mycelia completely covered the cultivation substrate after 90–95 days following inoculation of mushroom spawn. Under the mushroom house conditions, the highest amount of primordial formation was observed after 10–15 days at a casing with soil:vermiculite (1:1, v/v). The primordia developed into a mature stage within one week. Moreover, identification of the cultivated fruiting bodies was confirmed by both morphological and molecular methods. This is the first record of P. spongiosus found in Thailand and its ability to form fruiting bodies without a host plant.

摘要

海绵宝宝（Phlebopus spongiosus）是越南南部土生土长的众所周知的食用菌根菌。在这项研究中，从泰国北部采集的蘑菇样品被鉴定为P。海绵状。这种鉴定是基于形态特征和多基因系统发育分析。分离出纯培养物，并研究了合适的菌丝生长条件。结果表明，真菌菌丝体在L-修饰的Melin-Norkans和Murashige和Skoog琼脂上均生长良好，所有这些都在30°C下调节至pH 5.0。在培养物中观察到菌核样结构。该蘑菇在没有寄主植物的情况下产生子实体的能力通过采用袋装栽培法来确定。接种蘑菇产卵后90–95天后，真菌菌丝体完全覆盖了培养基质。在蘑菇屋条件下，在土壤：:石（1：1，v / v）的套管下10-15天后，观察到了最大的原始形成。原基在一个星期内发展到成熟阶段。此外，通过形态学和分子方法都证实了对栽培子实体的鉴定。这是第一个记录P。在泰国发现的海绵宝宝及其无寄主植物形成子实体的能力。