Relatively large new samples of the rare plesiadapid mammal Chiromyoides are reported from upper Paleocene rocks exposed along the eastern flank of the Rock Springs Uplift and the adjacent Washakie Basin in southwestern Wyoming. These specimens form the basis for the new upper Tiffanian species Chiromyoides kesiwah and enhance our knowledge of the anatomy of early Clarkforkian C. gingerichi. Multiple previously unreported or unrecognized specimens of Chiromyoides are also described from upper Paleocene faunas in Texas, Colorado, and Wyoming, enabling a new phylogenetic analysis of all known species of Chiromyoides and selected other plesiadapids and outgroup taxa. The phylogeny of Chiromyoides appears to have been more complicated than previously described, partly because the genus was more speciose than previously appreciated. European C. campanicus and C. mauberti are sister taxa that are deeply nested within an otherwise North American radiation of Chiromyoides, suggesting that Chiromyoides originated in North America before dispersing to Europe in the latter part of the Tiffanian. Most of the derived anatomical features that distinguish Chiromyoides from closely related plesiadapids indicate that it was yet another occupant of the lucrative ‘mammalian woodpecker’ niche, alongside the extant Malagasy lemur Daubentonia, the extant phalangeroid marsupial Dactylopsila, early Cenozoic placental Apatemyidae, and possibly the middle Cenozoic metatherian Yalkaparidon.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:32D24F6B-7429-4927-8BB8-C2766FFB568A

据报道，相对较新的稀有plesiadapid哺乳动物Chiromyoides的新样本是从沿岩泉隆起的东翼和怀俄明州西南部的Washakie盆地露出的上新世上层岩石中获得的。这些标本构成了新的Tiffanian上物种Chiromyoides kesiwah的基础，并增强了我们对早期Clarkforkian C. gingerichi的解剖学的认识。得克萨斯州，科罗拉多州和怀俄明州的上古新世动物群还描述了多个以前未报告或无法识别的Chiromyoides标本，从而可以对Chiromyoides的所有已知物种以及选定的其他plesiadapids和外群类群进行新的系统发育分析。Chiromyoides的系统发育似乎比以前描述的要复杂得多，部分原因是该属比以前认为的要专一。欧洲C. campanicus和C. mauberti是姐妹群被深深嵌套的，否则的北美放射内Chiromyoides，这表明Chiromyoides起源于北美分散到欧洲的Tiffanian的前后期。大多数的区分派生的解剖特征Chiromyoides从密切相关plesiadapids表明它是有利可图的“哺乳动物啄木鸟”利基的另一个乘客，旁边的现存马达加斯加狐猴Daubentonia，现存的有袋动物phalangeroidDactylopsila，早新生代的胎盘Apatemyidae，以及中新生代的中流子Yalkaparidon。

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:32D24F6B-7429-4927-8BB8-C2766FFB568A