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Pattern and Processes of the Mammalian Turnover of the Arikareean in the Northern Rocky Mountains
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-10 , DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2020.1767117
Jonathan J. M. Calede 1
Affiliation  

The later part of the Oligocene (Arikareean North American Land Mammal Age) was a time of major faunal change in North America. It is during this time period that archaic mammalian faunas dominated by extinct families started giving way to more modern faunas, including families still extant today. Studies of this faunal transition have so far focused on the Great Plains and the Columbia Plateau. I present here the first quantitative analysis for the northern Rocky Mountains, combining four new radioisotopic dates and almost 1,000 specimens from a series of vertebrate microfossil assemblages through the Cabbage Patch beds of Montana. I demonstrate that the rise of modern mammalian communities was already under way in the Rocky Mountains 30 million years ago, at the base of the beds. However, the major faunal turnover event took place ca. 28 million years ago, at the transition from the lower to the middle units of the Cabbage Patch beds, and led to the disappearance of many archaic mammal taxa that dominated the start of the Arikareean. This event was synchronous across the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains, and the Columbia Plateau and was driven by the diversification of descendants of immigrants from Eurasia that had reached North America through Beringia. Holdovers from archaic mammalian faunas persist into the upper unit of the beds later than in the Great Plains, but not the Columbia Plateau. Future biogeographic analyses will be necessary to assess the role of topography and environmental change in the rise of modern mammalian communities.



中文翻译:

北部落基山脉阿里卡瑞斯山脉哺乳动物转变的模式和过程

渐新世的后期(Arikareean北美陆地哺乳动物时代)是北美主要动物区系发生变化的时期。正是在这段时间里,以灭绝的家庭为主导的古哺乳动物群开始让位给更现代的动物群,包括今天仍然存在的家庭。迄今为止,这种动物过渡的研究集中在大平原和哥伦比亚高原。我在这里介绍了北落基山脉的首次定量分析,该分析结合了四个新的放射性同位素年代和通过蒙大拿州的白菜补丁床从一系列脊椎动物微化石组合中获得的近1,000个标本。我证明了现代哺乳动物群落的兴起已经在三千万年前的落基山脉的落基山脉中进行了。然而,主要的动物更新事件发生在约。2800万年前,在从白菜斑块床的下部单元到中部单元的过渡期间,导致了许多过时的哺乳动物类群的消失,这些类群主导了阿里卡瑞亚人的开始。此事件在大平原,落基山脉和哥伦比亚高原同步发生,并且是由来自欧亚大陆的移民后裔多元化发展的,该移民已通过白令西亚到达北美。早于大平原,来自古老哺乳动物群的残留物一直持续到河床上部,但不包括哥伦比亚高原。未来的生物地理分析对于评估地形和环境变化在现代哺乳动物群落兴起中的作用将是必要的。并导致许多过时的哺乳动物分类单元的消失,这些分类单元主导着阿里卡瑞亚人的诞生。此事件在大平原,落基山脉和哥伦比亚高原同步发生,并且是由来自欧亚大陆的移民后裔多元化发展的,该移民已通过白令西亚到达北美。早于大平原,来自古老哺乳动物群的残留物一直滞留到河床的上部,但不包括哥伦比亚高原。未来的生物地理分析对于评估地形和环境变化在现代哺乳动物群落兴起中的作用将是必要的。并导致许多过时的哺乳动物分类单元的消失,这些分类单元主导着阿里卡瑞亚人的诞生。此事件在大平原,落基山脉和哥伦比亚高原同步发生,并且是由来自欧亚大陆的移民后裔多元化发展的,该移民已通过白令西亚到达北美。早于大平原,来自古老哺乳动物群的残留物一直持续到河床上部,但不包括哥伦比亚高原。未来的生物地理分析对于评估地形和环境变化在现代哺乳动物群落兴起中的作用将是必要的。哥伦比亚高原和哥伦比亚高原,这是由来自欧亚大陆的移民后裔多样化所驱动的,这些移民已通过白令利亚到达北美。早于大平原,来自古老哺乳动物群的残留物一直持续到河床上部,但不包括哥伦比亚高原。未来的生物地理分析对于评估地形和环境变化在现代哺乳动物群落兴起中的作用将是必要的。哥伦比亚高原和哥伦比亚高原,是由来自欧亚大陆的移民后裔多样化所驱动的,这些移民已通过白令利亚到达北美。早于大平原,来自古老哺乳动物群的残留物一直持续到河床上部,但不包括哥伦比亚高原。未来的生物地理分析对于评估地形和环境变化在现代哺乳动物群落兴起中的作用将是必要的。

更新日期:2020-09-15
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