ABSTRACT “Contentious politics” has become the main label to define a wide range of previously separated fields of research encompassing topics such as collective action, radicalization, armed insurgencies, and terrorism. Over the past two decades, scholars have tried to bring these various strands together into a unified field of study. In so doing, they have developed a methodology to isolate and analyze the common social and cognitive mechanisms underlying several diverse historical phenomena such as “insurgencies,” “revolutions,” “radicalization,” or “terrorism.” A multidisciplinary approach was adopted open to contributions from diverse fields such as economics, sociology, and psychology. The aim of this paper is to add to the multidisciplinarity of the field of Contentious Politics (CP) and introduce the instruments of Agent-Based Modeling and network game-theory to the study of some fundamental mechanisms analyzed within this literature. In particular, the model presented in this paper describes the dynamics of one process, here defined as “the radicalization of politics,” and its main underlying mechanisms. Their mechanics are analyzed in diverse social contexts differentiated by the values of four parameters: the extent of repression, inequality, social tolerance, and interconnectivity. The model can be used to explain the basic dynamics underlying different phenomena such as the development of radicalization, populism, and popular rebellions. In the final part, different societies characterized by diverse values of the aforementioned four parameters are tested through Python simulations, thereby offering an overview of the different outcomes that the mechanics of our model can shape according to the contexts in which they operate.

中文翻译：

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有争议的政治机制：基于代理的建模方法

摘要 “有争议的政治”已成为定义广泛的先前分离的研究领域的主要标签，包括集体行动、激进化、武装叛乱和恐怖主义等主题。在过去的二十年里，学者们试图将这些不同的方面整合到一个统一的研究领域中。在这样做的过程中，他们开发了一种方法来隔离和分析几种不同历史现象（例如“叛乱”、“革命”、“激进化”或“恐怖主义”）背后的共同社会和认知机制。采用了多学科方法，对来自不同领域的贡献开放，如经济学、社会学和心理学。本文的目的是增加争议政治 (CP) 领域的多学科性，并引入基于代理的建模和网络博弈论的工具，以研究该文献中分析的一些基本机制。特别是，本文中提出的模型描述了一个过程的动态，这里定义为“政治的激进化”，及其主要的潜在机制。他们的机制在不同的社会背景下被分析，这四个参数的值不同：压制的程度、不平等、社会容忍和相互联系。该模型可用于解释不同现象背后的基本动态，例如激进化、民粹主义和民众叛乱的发展。在最后一部分，