Abstract The surface properties of carbon materials are very important since many complex physical and chemical reactions take place on their surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) test is one of the most significant characterization methods to analyze the surfaces. The carbon species and banding energies for several typical kinds of carbon materials (graphite, carbon black, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbides, and polymers) were summarized with typical XPS spectra. It can be found that carbon materials with different preparation methods, analytical methods or storage times possess quite different carbon species and banding energies. Meanwhile, classical XPS figures and analysis results of every carbon material were illustrated, which provides the researchers an intuitive understanding of the related analytical method. Therefore, much more accurate results of XPS spectra for related carbon materials can be obtained.

中文翻译：

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几种碳材料的C1s XPS光谱综述

摘要 碳材料的表面性质非常重要，因为其表面会发生许多复杂的物理和化学反应。X射线光电子能谱（XPS）测试是分析表面的最重要的表征方法之一。几种典型的碳材料（石墨、炭黑、石墨烯、碳纳米管、碳化物和聚合物）的碳种类和带能用典型的 XPS 光谱进行了总结。可以发现，不同制备方法、分析方法或储存时间的碳材料，其碳种类和带能有很大差异。同时，对每种碳材料的经典XPS图和分析结果进行了说明，使研究人员对相关分析方法有了直观的了解。所以，