ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of two planting systems (raised bed and flat) in combination with incorporation of faba bean green manure at two plant growth stages (FS, incorporation at flowering; SAH, incorporation after harvest of fresh pods) on soil microbial activity, yield and quality of tomatoes grown in an organic cultivation system. Treatments without the faba bean green manure in raised beds and flat planting system were used as controls. Soil microbial biomass-C and CO2 production were significantly affected by the interaction between the planting system and green manure treatments; they were generally higher in the raised beds than in the flat planting system and in treatments with incorporation of green manure compared with the controls. The highest leaf chlorophyll concentration (45.6 CCI), stomatal conductance (74.8 mmol m−2 s−1) and yield (2.24 kg plant−1) were recorded in the raised bed planting system with FS green manure. Although the green manure had important effects on the soil microbial activity and the yield, the differences between incorporating the faba beans at the different growth stages (FS and SAH) were less clear. Significant positive correlations (p < 0.01) were found between yield and leaf chlorophyll concentration, stomatal conductance, soil microbial biomass-C and soil CO2 production, while soil compaction was negatively correlated with yield, stomatal conductance, soil microbial biomass-C, soil CO2 production and leaf chlorophyll concentration.

中文翻译：

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高床种植和绿肥通过改善有机生产系统中的土壤微生物活性来提高番茄产量

摘要 本研究调查了两种种植系统（高架和平地）结合蚕豆绿肥在两个植物生长阶段（FS，开花时掺入；SAH，新鲜豆荚收获后掺入）对土壤微生物活性的影响，在有机栽培系统中种植的西红柿的产量和质量。在高架床上和平种植系统中没有蚕豆绿肥的处理被用作对照。土壤微生物生物量-C和CO2产量受种植系统和绿肥处理相互作用的显着影响；与对照相比，在高架床中它们通常高于在平面种植系统中以及在掺入绿肥的处理中。最高的叶叶绿素浓度 (45.6 CCI)、气孔导度 (74. 8 mmol m-2 s-1) 和产量（2.24 kg 植物-1）记录在使用 FS 绿肥的高架种植系统中。虽然绿肥对土壤微生物活性和产量有重要影响，但在不同生长阶段（FS 和 SAH）掺入蚕豆之间的差异不太明显。产量与叶绿素浓度、气孔导度、土壤微生物生物量-C和土壤CO2产量之间存在显着正相关（p < 0.01），而土壤压实与产量、气孔导度、土壤微生物生物量-C、土壤CO2呈负相关产量和叶绿素浓度。虽然绿肥对土壤微生物活性和产量有重要影响，但在不同生长阶段（FS 和 SAH）掺入蚕豆之间的差异不太明显。产量与叶绿素浓度、气孔导度、土壤微生物生物量-C和土壤CO2产量之间存在显着正相关（p < 0.01），而土壤压实与产量、气孔导度、土壤微生物生物量-C、土壤CO2呈负相关产量和叶绿素浓度。虽然绿肥对土壤微生物活性和产量有重要影响，但在不同生长阶段（FS 和 SAH）掺入蚕豆之间的差异不太明显。产量与叶绿素浓度、气孔导度、土壤微生物生物量-C和土壤CO2产量之间存在显着正相关（p < 0.01），而土壤压实与产量、气孔导度、土壤微生物生物量-C、土壤CO2呈负相关产量和叶绿素浓度。