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Vocalisation of the rare and flagship species Pharomachrus mocinno (Aves: Trogonidae): implications for its taxonomy, evolution and conservation
Bioacoustics ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-08-26 , DOI: 10.1080/09524622.2019.1647877
Pablo Bolaños-Sittler 1, 2 , Jérôme Sueur 1 , Jérôme Fuchs 1 , Thierry Aubin 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT The Resplendent Quetzal Pharomachrus mocinno is a rare Neotropical bird included in the IUCN red list as Near Threatened. Fragmentation of its habitat, the cloud forest, is considered as the principal threat. Two subspecies are currently recognised but genetic and morphometric studies suggested they could be considered as full species. We assessed whether male vocalisation would support a species delimitation hypothesis. We recorded in the field and downloaded from sound archives vocalisation of 57 individuals from 30 different localities distributed in 11 countries. We estimated the acoustic differences of all the Pharomachrus taxa with multivariate analyses and machine learning techniques. Our results show vocal differences between P. m. mocinno and P. m. costaricensis that could have a molecular basis, potentially due to genetic drift developed during the more than three million years of separation of P. m. mocinno (from Mexico to Nicaragua) and P. m. costaricensis (Costa Rica and Panama). We therefore suggest that P. mocinno could potentially be divided into two species. A possible separation of these taxa into two species could have important consequences for the conservation status of the Resplendent Quetzals, and redirect conservation efforts for these taxa.

中文翻译:

稀有和旗舰物种 Pharomachrus mocinno (Aves: Trogonidae) 的发声:对其分类、进化和保护的影响

摘要 灿烂的格查尔 Pharomachrus mocinno 是一种罕见的新热带鸟类,被列入 IUCN 红色名录,列为近危。其栖息地的破碎化,即云雾林,被认为是主要威胁。目前已确认两个亚种,但遗传和形态测量研究表明它们可以被视为完整物种。我们评估了男性发声是否支持物种划界假说。我们在现场录制并从分布在 11 个国家的 30 个不同地区的 57 个人的声音档案中下载了发声。我们通过多变量分析和机器学习技术估计了所有 Pharomachrus 分类群的声学差异。我们的结果显示了 P. m. 之间的声音差异。mocinno 和 P. m. 可能有分子基础的哥斯达黎加 可能是由于在超过 300 万年的 P. m. mocinno(从墨西哥到尼加拉瓜)和 P. m. 哥斯达黎加(哥斯达黎加和巴拿马)。因此,我们建议 P. mocinno 可能分为两个物种。将这些分类群分成两个物种可能会对 Resplendent Quetzals 的保护状况产生重要影响,并重新引导对这些分类群的保护工作。
更新日期:2019-08-26
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