The GPS Antenna Characterization Experiment (GPS ACE) has made extensive observations of GPS L1 signals received at geosynchronous (GEO) altitude, with the objective of developing comprehensive models of the signal levels and signal performance in the GPS transmit antenna side lobes. The GPS ACE architecture has been in place collecting observations with extreme sensitivity for several years, enabling the accumulation of full azimuthal coverage of the GPS transmit gain patterns over time. Results discussed in this paper include the reconstructed transmit gain patterns, with comparison with available preflight gain measurements from the GPS vehicle contractors. For GPS blocks with extensive ground measurements, the GPS ACE results show remarkable agreement. For blocks without extensive ground measurements, the GPS ACE results provide the only existing assessments of the full transmit gain patterns. The paper also includes results of pseudorange deviation analysis to assess systematic errors associated with GPS side‐lobe signals.

中文翻译：

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太空用户在轨GPS发射天线方向图的特性

GPS天线特性实验（GPS ACE）对地球同步（GEO）高度接收到的GPS L1信号进行了广泛的观测，目的是开发GPS发射天线旁瓣中信号电平和信号性能的综合模型。GPS ACE体系结构已经可以收集极高灵敏度的观测值已有好几年了，可以随着时间的推移积累GPS发射增益模式的完整方位角覆盖范围。本文讨论的结果包括重构的发射增益模式，以及与GPS车辆承包商可用的飞行前增益测量结果的比较。对于具有广泛地面测量的GPS块，GPS ACE结果显示出了惊人的一致性。对于没有大量地面测量的块，GPS ACE结果仅提供了完整发射增益模式的现有评估。本文还包括伪距偏差分析的结果，以评估与GPS旁瓣信号相关的系统误差。