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Co-contributorship Network and Division of Labor in Individual Scientific Collaborations
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-04 , DOI: 10.1002/asi.24321
Chao Lu 1 , Yingyi Zhang 2 , Yong‐Yeol Ahn 3 , Ying Ding 4 , Chenwei Zhang 3, 5 , Dandan Ma 6
Affiliation  

Collaborations are pervasive in current science. Collaborations have been studied and encouraged in many disciplines. However, little is known about how a team really functions from the detailed division of labor within. In this research, we investigate the patterns of scientific collaboration and division of labor within individual scholarly articles by analyzing their co‐contributorship networks. Co‐contributorship networks are constructed by performing the one‐mode projection of the author–task bipartite networks obtained from 138,787 articles published in PLoS journals. Given an article, we define 3 types of contributors: Specialists, Team‐players, and Versatiles. Specialists are those who contribute to all their tasks alone; team‐players are those who contribute to every task with other collaborators; and versatiles are those who do both. We find that team‐players are the majority and they tend to contribute to the 5 most common tasks as expected, such as “data analysis” and “performing experiments.” The specialists and versatiles are more prevalent than expected by our designed 2 null models. Versatiles tend to be senior authors associated with funding and supervision. Specialists are associated with 2 contrasting roles: the supervising role as team leaders or marginal and specialized contributors.

中文翻译:

个人科学合作中的共同贡献网络和分工

合作在当前的科学中无处不在。许多学科都研究并鼓励了合作。然而,对于团队内部的详细分工如何真正发挥作用,我们知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们通过分析他们的共同贡献网络来调查个别学术文章中的科学合作和分工模式。共同贡献网络是通过对从发表在 PLoS 期刊上的 138,787 篇文章中获得的作者-任务二分网络进行单模投影来构建的。给定一篇文章,我们定义了 3 种类型的贡献者:专家、团队成员和多才多艺。专家是那​​些独自完成所有任务的人;团队合作者是那些与其他合作者一起为每项任务做出贡献的人;和多才多艺的是那些两者兼备的人。我们发现,团队合作者占大多数,并且他们倾向于按照预期为 5 个最常见的任务做出贡献,例如“数据分析”和“执行实验”。专家和多才多艺比我们设计的 2 空模型更普遍。多才多艺的往往是与资助和监督相关的资深作者。专家与 2 个截然不同的角色相关联:作为团队领导者的监督角色或边缘和专业贡献者。
更新日期:2019-12-04
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