Design components of handles can affect the physical demands on users and their satisfaction. However, few studies have evaluated the physical usability of different handle configurations in refrigerators. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the handle height, clearance, embossing, and users’ stature on their physical demands and satisfaction with two different handle types. Twenty‐eight participants were recruited, and several design components, including the handle type (recessed, bar), height (620 and 680 mm), clearance (0, 3, 5, and 7 mm), embossing (with and without), and users’ stature (short, medium, and tall) were investigated. Regardless of handle type, higher handle (680 mm) exhibited a lower flexion angle and flexion moments of the hips and back compared with lower handle (620 mm), and participants expressed greater satisfaction with embossed handles when using the recessed handle. Handle height and comfortable grip configuration were the primary components that affected physical usability. The results could be useful in designing and improving refrigerator handles.

中文翻译：

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评估冰箱冰柜门的凹进和拉手

手柄的设计组件可能会影响用户的实际需求及其满意度。但是，很少有研究评估冰箱中不同手柄配置的物理可用性。这项研究的目的是评估手柄高度，间隙，压纹和用户身材对他们的身体需求和两种不同手柄类型的满意度的影响。招募了28名参与者，并设计了几个组件，包括手柄类型（凹入，条形），高度（620和680毫米），间隙（0、3、5和7毫米），压花（有或没有），并调查用户的身材（矮，中和高）。不论手柄类型如何，与较低的手柄（620 mm）相比，较高的手柄（680 mm）表现出较低的屈曲角度和臀部和背部的屈曲力矩，参与者对使用凹入式手柄的压纹手柄更加满意。手柄高度和舒适的手柄配置是影响物理可用性的主要因素。该结果对于设计和改进冰箱把手可能很有用。