Species habitat range is partly determined by interspecies interactions between phylogenetically related species. Siberian salamanders are widely distributed across the Eurasian continent and occupy various habitats, but in Hokkaido island, Japan, it is restricted to only two regions. For the restricted habitat range of Siberian salamanders in Hokkaido, we hypothesized that Ezo salamander, whose larvae heavily consume amphibian larvae, excludes Siberian salamander from their range by the predation during the larval period. Here, we investigated the potential interaction between Siberian and Ezo salamander larvae in an aquarium experiment. As expected, in the cases where they cohabit, all Siberian salamander larvae were immediately killed by Ezo salamander larvae through predation. Although the predation enhanced individual growth of Ezo salamander larvae, it may not merely increase the fitness of Ezo salamander larvae. Interestingly, in the presence of Siberian salamanders, cannibalism occurred more frequently in Ezo salamanders, even though it only occurred in limited replications, probably as a result of improving growth and increasing size variation among Ezo salamander larvae.

中文翻译：

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西伯利亚和埃佐sal幼虫之间的预期种间相互作用

物种栖息地范围部分取决于系统发育相关物种之间的物种间相互作用。西伯利亚sal广泛分布于整个欧亚大陆，并拥有各种栖息地，但在日本的北海道岛，只限于两个地区。对于北海道的西伯利亚sal栖息地范围有限，我们假设其幼虫大量消耗两栖类幼虫的埃佐sal在幼虫期被捕食，因此将西伯利亚from排除在其范围之外。在这里，我们研究了水族箱实验中西伯利亚和Ezo sal幼虫之间的潜在相互作用。正如预期的那样，在它们同居的情况下，所有西伯利亚sal幼虫通过捕食立即被埃佐sal幼虫杀死。尽管捕食增强了虾夷sal幼虫的个体生长，但它不仅增加了虾夷sal幼虫的适应性。有趣的是，在西伯利亚sal的存在下，食人族在埃佐sal中的发生频率更高，尽管这种复制仅发生在有限的复制中，这可能是由于埃佐sal幼虫的生长提高和大小变化增加的结果。