While climate change projections for the Mediterranean region indicate an increased exposure to heatwaves (HW), such prospects are particularly challenging in urban areas, where thermal stress can be exacerbated by the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. In that regard, understanding spatial patterns of thermal performance is of the utmost importance, in order to address corresponding adaptation measures. Local Climate Zones (LCZ) have become the standard typification of Land Cover/Land Use classes, according to their climatic response. However, the corresponding satellite-based classification method from the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools (WUDAPT) presents accuracy issues when applied to European cities. Several studies have provided alternative LCZ methodologies, but these usually require data which is not often readily available (e.g. high-resolution digital surface models), therefore rendereing them hard to replicate. This study addresses this issue by developing an alternative geographic information system (GIS)-based method, and the corresponding toolbox, to translate Copernicus datasets into LCZ maps: Urban Atlas and Corine Land Cover shapefiles are used as the baseline dataset for the reclassification. The method was proven to be accurate in the five cities used in the case study - Athens, Barcelona, Lisbon, Marseille, and Naples - 81% overall accuracy, and 0.79 Kappa coefficient, on average. Results reveal the presence of a diurnal surface UHI, with lower land surface temperatures (LST) found in tree covered areas. However, similar LST found in the other LCZ classes (e.g. between compact and sparsely built-up areas) indicates that diurnal patterns of the urban energy balance components must be considered to better characterise the UHI of these cities.

地中海地区的气候变化预测表明，人们对热浪（HW）的接触增加，而在城市地区，这种前景尤其具有挑战性，因为城市热岛（UHI）的影响会加剧热应力。在这方面，为了解决相应的适应措施，理解热性能的空间模式至关重要。根据其气候响应，本地气候区（LCZ）已成为土地覆盖/土地使用类别的标准代表。但是，来自世界城市数据库和访问门户工具（WUDAPT）的相应的基于卫星的分类方法在应用于欧洲城市时会出现准确性问题。一些研究提供了替代的LCZ方法，但是这些方法通常需要不易获得的数据（例如 高分辨率数字表面模型），因此使其难以复制。这项研究通过开发基于地理信息系统（GIS）的替代方法和相应的工具箱来解决此问题，以将哥白尼数据集转换为LCZ地图：Urban Atlas和Corine Land Cover shapefile用作重新分类的基准数据集。该方法在案例研究中使用的五个城市（雅典，巴塞罗那，里斯本，马赛和那不勒斯）被证明是准确的，平均准确度为81％，平均卡伯系数为0.79。结果表明存在昼夜表面超高热（UHI），在树木覆盖的地区发现较低的陆地表面温度（LST）。但是，在其他LCZ类中也发现了类似的LST（例如