Rockburst hazard in mining industry all over the world is one of the most severe hazards. It is becoming increasingly common because of the ever-growing depths of mining operations accompanied by the increasing strength of rocks. One of the most difficult issues is to predict this hazard before the mining operations, whether geophysical investigations have been conducted or not. Polish experience in this field shows that in such cases an effective solution can be the geomechanical method. Therefore, extensive studies on rockburst hazard should focus on three main aspects: (1) rock mass and rock (and coal) predisposition to rockburst–laboratory tests and empirical analyses based on lithology, (2) identification of the potential places with stress and elastic energy concentration in the rock mass within the area planned for exploitation, and (3) the assessment of the impact of mining tremors on the surface. This preliminary geomechanical analysis assesses the propensity of the rock mass to dynamic breakage and provides quantitatively the level of rockburst hazard. The paper presents Polish experience in rockburst hazard assessment with the use of geomechanical method, as well as some solutions and examples of such analyses.

全世界采矿业的岩爆危害是最严重的危害之一。由于采矿作业深度的不断增加以及岩石强度的提高，这种方法正变得越来越普遍。最困难的问题之一是在采矿作业之前预测这种危害，无论是否进行了地球物理调查。波兰在该领域的经验表明，在这种情况下，一种有效的解决方案可以是地质力学方法。因此，对岩爆危险性的广泛研究应集中在三个主要方面：（1）岩爆和岩（和煤）对岩爆的易感性-基于岩性的实验室测试和经验分析，（2）识别具有应力和弹性的潜在位置计划开采区域内岩体中的能量集中，（3）评估采矿震动对地表的影响。这项初步的地质力学分析评估了岩体发生动态破坏的倾向，并定量地提供了岩爆危险等级。本文介绍了波兰人在运用岩土力学方法进行岩爆危险性评估方面的经验，以及此类分析的一些解决方案和实例。