Lignocellulosic (LC) biomass is a very important source of renewable commodities because of its variety and widespread distribution, as well as the infrastructure already available for collection, storage, and treatment. Direct use is hampered by the complex chemical structures found in its highly recalcitrant LC matrix, and pretreatments are required to gain access to its constituents. Efficient synthetic approaches and viable commercial transformation processes are under development for fuels and for new raw materials for the chemical industry. This work surveys recent trends in LC biomass pretreatments and highlights computational methods with potential applications for their optimization, as well as the development of process strategies and selection of chemocatalyst and biocatalyst systems.

木质纤维素（LC）生物质是可再生商品的非常重要的来源，因为其种类繁多，分布广泛，以及已经可供收集，存储和处理的基础设施。直接使用受到其高度顽固的LC基质中复杂的化学结构的阻碍，因此需要进行预处理才能获得其成分。正在开发用于燃料和化学工业新原料的有效合成方法和可行的商业转化工艺。这项工作调查了LC生物质预处理的最新趋势，并着重介绍了具有优化潜力的计算方法，以及工艺策略的发展以及化学催化剂和生物催化剂系统的选择。