Temporal lobe epileptic seizures are one of the most common and well-characterized types of epilepsies. The current knowledge on the pathology of temporal lobe epilepsy relies strongly on studies of epileptogenesis caused by experimentally induced status epilepticus (SE). Although several temporal lobe structures have been implicated in the epileptogenic process, the hippocampal formation is the temporal lobe structure studied in the greatest amount and detail. However, studies in human patients and animal models of temporal lobe epilepsy indicate that the amygdaloid complex can be also an important seizure generator, and several pathological processes have been shown in the amygdala during epileptogenesis. Therefore, in the present review, we systematically selected, organized, described, and analyzed the current knowledge on anatomopathological data associated with the amygdaloid complex during SE-induced epileptogenesis. Amygdaloid complex participation in the epileptogenic process is evidenced, among others, by alterations in energy metabolism, circulatory, and fluid regulation, neurotransmission, immediate early genes expression, tissue damage, cell suffering, inflammation, and neuroprotection. We conclude that major efforts should be made in order to include the amygdaloid complex as an important target area for evaluation in future research on SE-induced epileptogenesis. This article is part of the Special Issue "NEWroscience 2018".

中文翻译：

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癫痫持续状态动物模型中杏仁核复合体的解剖病理学发现

颞叶癫痫发作是最常见和特征最明显的癫痫类型之一。目前关于颞叶癫痫病理学的知识强烈依赖于由实验诱导的癫痫持续状态 (SE) 引起的癫痫发生的研究。尽管在癫痫发生过程中涉及到几个颞叶结构，但海马结构是研究最多和最详细的颞叶结构。然而，对人类患者和颞叶癫痫动物模型的研究表明，杏仁核复合体也可以是重要的癫痫发作发生器，并且在癫痫发生过程中已经在杏仁核中显示了几种病理过程。因此，在本综述中，我们系统地选择、组织、描述、并分析了与 SE 诱导的癫痫发生过程中杏仁核复合体相关的解剖病理学数据的当前知识。杏仁核复合体参与癫痫发生过程的证据包括能量代谢、循环和体液调节、神经传递、即刻早期基因表达、组织损伤、细胞痛苦、炎症和神经保护的改变。我们得出的结论是，应该做出重大努力，以便将杏仁核复合体作为评估 SE 诱发癫痫发生的未来研究的重要目标区域。本文是特刊“NEWroscience 2018”的一部分。通过能量代谢、循环和体液调节、神经传递、即刻早期基因表达、组织损伤、细胞痛苦、炎症和神经保护的改变。我们得出的结论是，应该做出重大努力，以便将杏仁核复合体作为评估 SE 诱发癫痫发生的未来研究的重要目标区域。本文是特刊“NEWroscience 2018”的一部分。通过能量代谢、循环和体液调节、神经传递、即刻早期基因表达、组织损伤、细胞痛苦、炎症和神经保护的改变。我们得出的结论是，应该做出重大努力，以便将杏仁核复合体作为评估 SE 诱发癫痫发生的未来研究的重要目标区域。本文是特刊“NEWroscience 2018”的一部分。