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Disentangling chemical and electrical effects of status epilepticus-induced dentate gyrus abnormalities
Epilepsy & Behavior ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.106575
Daniela M.S. Moura , Igor R.P. de Sales , Juliana A. Brandão , Marcos R. Costa , Claudio M. Queiroz

In rodents, status epilepticus (SE) triggered by chemoconvulsants can differently affect the proliferation and fate of adult-born dentate granule cells (DGCs). It is unknown whether abnormal neurogenesis results from intracellular signaling associated with drug-receptor interaction, paroxysmal activity, or both. To test the contribution of these factors, we systematically compared the effects of kainic acid (KA)- and pilocarpine (PL)-induced SE on the morphology and localization of DGCs generated before or after SE in the ipsi- and contralateral hippocampi of mice. Hippocampal insult was induced by unilateral intrahippocampal (ihpc) administration of KA or PL. We employed conditional doublecortin-dependent expression of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) to label adult-born cells committed to neuronal lineage either one month before (mature DGCs) or seven days after (immature DGCs) SE. Unilateral ihpc administration of KA and PL led to bilateral epileptiform discharges and focal and generalized behavioral seizures. However, drastic granule cell layer (GCL) dispersion occurred only in the ipsilateral side of KA injection, but not in PL-treated animals. Granule cell layer dispersion was accompanied by a significant reduction in neurogenesis after SE in the ipsilateral side of KA-treated animals, while neurogenesis increased in the contralateral side of KA-treated animals and both hippocampi of PL-treated animals. The ratio of ectopic neurons in the ipsilateral hippocampus was higher among immature as compared to mature neurons in the KA model (32.8% vs. 10.0%, respectively), while the occurrence of ectopic neurons in PL-treated animals was lower than 3% among both mature and immature DGCs. Collectively, our results suggest that KA- and PL-induced SE leads to distinct cellular alterations in mature and immature DGCs. We also show different local and secondary effects of KA or PL in the histological organization of the adult DG, suggesting that these unique epilepsy models may be complementary to our understanding of the disease. NEWroscience 2018.

中文翻译:

解开癫痫持续状态引起的齿状回异常的化学和电效应

在啮齿动物中,由化学惊厥剂引发的癫痫持续状态 (SE) 可以不同地影响成年出生的齿状颗粒细胞 (DGC) 的增殖和命运。目前尚不清楚异常神经发生是否由与药物受体相互作用、阵发性活动或两者相关的细胞内信号传导引起。为了测试这些因素的贡献,我们系统地比较了红藻氨酸 (KA) 和毛果芸香碱 (PL) 诱导的 SE 对小鼠同侧和对侧海马中 SE 之前或之后生成的 DGC 的形态和定位的影响。海马损伤是由 KA 或 PL 的单侧海马内 (ihpc) 给药诱导的。我们采用了绿色荧光蛋白 (GFP) 的条件性双皮质素依赖性表达来标记成年出生的细胞,这些细胞在 SE 前一个月(成熟 DGC)或(未成熟 DGC)后 7 天形成神经元谱系。KA 和 PL 的单侧 ihpc 给药导致双侧癫痫样放电和局灶性和全身性行为癫痫发作。然而,剧烈的颗粒细胞层 (GCL) 分散仅发生在 KA 注射的同侧,而不发生在 PL 治疗的动物中。颗粒细胞层分散伴随着 KA 治疗动物同侧 SE 后神经发生的显着减少,而 KA 治疗动物的对侧和 PL 治疗动物的海马神经发生增加。与 KA 模型中的成熟神经元相比,同侧海马中异位神经元的比例更高(分别为 32.8% 和 10.0%),而 PL 处理的动物中异位神经元的发生率低于 3%。成熟和未成熟的 DGC。总的来说,我们的结果表明 KA 和 PL 诱导的 SE 导致成熟和未成熟 DGC 的不同细胞改变。我们还展示了 KA 或 PL 在成人 DG 的组织学组织中的不同局部和继发效应,表明这些独特的癫痫模型可能与我们对该疾病的理解相辅相成。新罗科学 2018。我们的结果表明 KA 和 PL 诱导的 SE 导致成熟和未成熟 DGC 的不同细胞改变。我们还展示了 KA 或 PL 在成人 DG 的组织学组织中的不同局部和继发效应,表明这些独特的癫痫模型可能与我们对该疾病的理解相辅相成。新罗科学 2018。我们的结果表明 KA 和 PL 诱导的 SE 导致成熟和未成熟 DGC 的不同细胞改变。我们还展示了 KA 或 PL 在成人 DG 的组织学组织中的不同局部和继发效应,表明这些独特的癫痫模型可能与我们对该疾病的理解相辅相成。新罗科学 2018。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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