Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI) is capable of unraveling anatomical structures in a submillimeter range. In addition, its high resonance regime allows the quantification of constitutive molecules in a spatially sensitive manner, a crucial capability for determining the extent and localization of a probable epileptogenic region or the severity of the epilepsy. The main technical challenges for data acquisition under UHF are to produce a strong, homogeneous transverse field, while keeping the tissue power deposition within the safe regulatory guidelines. The nonuniformities caused by destructive and constructive interferences at UHFs required new technologies to accelerate and increase yield regarding time spent and quality achieved. Image quality is the paramount contribution of UHF high-resolution imaging, which is capable to disclose fine details of the hippocampal formation and its surroundings and their changes in the course of epilepsy. Other sequences like diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and multiecho susceptibility imaging at 7 T in vivo can assist the creation of normative atlases of the hippocampal subfields or the reconstruction of the highly arborized cerebral blood vessels. In our review, we specify the impact of these advanced relevant techniques onto the study of epilepsy. In this context, we focused onto high field high-resolution scanners and clinically-enriched decision-making. Studies on focal dysplasias correlating ex vivo high-resolution imaging with specific histological and ultrastructural patterns showed that white matter hyperintensities were related to a demyelination process and other alterations. Preliminary results correlating thick serial sections through bioptic epileptogenic tissue could extend the strategy to localize degenerated tissue sectors, correlate nature and extent of tissue loss with preoperative diagnosis and postoperative outcome. Finally, this protocol will provide the neurosurgeon with a detailed depiction of the removed pathologic tissue and possible adverse effects by the pathologic tissue left in situ. This article is part of the special issue "NEWroscience 2018".

中文翻译：

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超高场MRI范围内的癫痫

超高场磁共振成像 (UHF-MRI) 能够在亚毫米范围内解开解剖结构。此外，其高共振机制允许以空间敏感的方式量化组成分子，这是确定可能的致癫痫区域的范围和定位或癫痫严重程度的关键能力。UHF 下数据采集的主要技术挑战是产生强大、均匀的横向场，同时将组织功率沉积保持在安全监管准则范围内。UHF 的破坏性和建设性干扰造成的不均匀性需要新技术来加速和提高与所花费的时间和质量有关的产量。图像质量是 UHF 高分辨率成像的首要贡献，它能够揭示海马结构及其周围环境的精细细节，以及它们在癫痫病程中的变化。其他序列，如弥散张量成像 (DTI) 和体内 7 T 的多回波磁化率成像，可以帮助创建海马亚区的规范图谱或重建高度树枝状的脑血管。在我们的评论中，我们详细说明了这些先进的相关技术对癫痫研究的影响。在这种情况下，我们专注于高场高分辨率扫描仪和临床丰富的决策。对将离体高分辨率成像与特定组织学和超微结构模式相关联的局灶性发育不良的研究表明，白质高信号与脱髓鞘过程和其他改变有关。通过活检致癫痫组织将厚连续切片相关联的初步结果可以扩展定位退化组织部分的策略，将组织损失的性质和程度与术前诊断和术后结果相关联。最后，该协议将为神经外科医生提供详细描述的切除病理组织和原位病理组织可能产生的不利影响。本文是特刊“NEWroscience 2018”的一部分。该协议将为神经外科医生详细描述切除的病理组织和原位保留的病理组织可能产生的不利影响。本文是特刊“NEWroscience 2018”的一部分。该协议将为神经外科医生详细描述切除的病理组织和原位保留的病理组织可能产生的不利影响。本文是特刊“NEWroscience 2018”的一部分。